Electricity: measuring and testing – Particle precession resonance – Spectrometer components
Reexamination Certificate
2001-08-24
2004-02-24
Gutierrez, Diego (Department: 2859)
Electricity: measuring and testing
Particle precession resonance
Spectrometer components
C324S318000, C324S322000, C324S310000
Reexamination Certificate
active
06696838
ABSTRACT:
BACKGROUND
The present invention relates to analysis of materials based on Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR), and more particularly, but not exclusively, the NMR analysis of multiple samples.
Atomic nuclei with an odd atomic mass or an odd atomic number possess a nuclear magnetic moment. NMR methods are based on the absorption and re-emission of radio frequency waves by a sample in a magnetic field that have atoms with this nuclear make-up. By way of nonlimiting example, molecules including
1
H,
13
C,
19
F, or
31
P may be analyzed using NMR techniques to provide fast, molecule-specific qualitative and quantitative information. Such molecules exhibit resonant frequencies that are sensitive to the molecular chemical environment, making NMR a useful molecular probe. However, existing NMR equipment is generally unable to satisfactorily analyze more than one sample at a time, and correspondingly limits sample evaluation throughput. To provide for more efficient use of NMR resources, techniques to increase sample throughput would be desirable.
SUMMARY
One form of the present invention includes a unique system to perform NMR evaluation on more than one sample at a time. Alternatively or additionally, another form of the present invention includes a unique technique to perform NMR analysis of multiple samples simultaneously.
A further form of the present invention includes NMR instrumentation comprising a probe with a plurality of coils each configured to receive a different sample. The coils each include a tuning circuit. These turning circuits may be located external to the NMR magnet and may be electrically shielded from one another to reduce unwanted interactions.
In another form, a technique of the present invention includes providing an NMR probe with multiple coils each arranged to receive a corresponding one of a plurality of samples. The coils may each be tuned separate from the others to provide for simultaneous evaluation of the samples. The coils may each be coupled to a tuning circuit having a variable element that is adjusted to perform the tuning operation. For each tuning circuit, the coil may be coupled to the variable element by a transmission line to provide for remotely locating the variable element outside of the NMR magnetic field while the coil remains in this field. In one embodiment, the tuning circuit includes two variable capacitor elements remotely located relative to the coil by a transmission line coupling, and another two fixed or variable capacitors coupled either in parallel or series, or both, in the NMR magnet before the transmission line coupling to the tuning circuit.
In yet another form, an NMR probe is provided that includes a number of coils each configured to receive a different sample. This probe may be incorporated into standard NMR equipment with only minor modifications to facilitate the simultaneous detection of multiple samples. For example, the probe may be arranged to fit into a conventional NMR magnet housing and use a common NMR transmitter amplifier for excitation of multiple samples.
Other forms of the present invention include a multicoil NMR probe arranged for operation in a magnetic field with a predetermined gradient. This gradient is used to differentiate multiple samples. The data from multiple coils in the graded field may be received by a single receiver and analyzed using one or more procedures to provide the desired differentiation. In one embodiment, a two dimensional representation of the data is created to better differentiate the samples.
Further forms, embodiments, advantages, benefits, aspects, and objects of the present invention shall become apparent from the description and figures provided herein.
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Fisher George G.
McNamara Ernesto
Raftery Daniel
Fetzner Tiffany A.
Gutierrez Diego
Purdue Research Foundation
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