Plastic article or earthenware shaping or treating: apparatus – With apparatus assembly or dismantling means or with idle part – For extrusion or injection type shaping means
Patent
1995-04-05
1997-09-02
Woo, Jay H.
Plastic article or earthenware shaping or treating: apparatus
With apparatus assembly or dismantling means or with idle part
For extrusion or injection type shaping means
2611761, 261178F, 4253782, 4253822, 425464, D01D 408
Patent
active
056629478
DESCRIPTION:
BRIEF SUMMARY
FIELD OF THE INVENTION
The invention relates to a nozzle plate holding device and to a spinning beam for melt spinning of continuous filaments, especially of thermoplastic material (melt). The spinning beam comprises, for example, a heating box into which extend melt lines, melt pumps and nozzle pots (also called "nozzle packages") ending in nozzle plates. The nozzle pots may form vertically turned-in portions of the heating box and may be attached in bell-shaped receptacles having a vertical, central melt conduit which runs into a melt inlet of the nozzle pots. The nozzle plate holding device forms a part of a nozzle pot.
DISCUSSION OF PRIOR ART
During melt spinning the temperature management of the melt from the extruder to the discharge from the spinning nozzle is of utmost importance. Particular attention has to be paid that the melt has the same thermal history for all filaments as regards to temperature and dwell time. Minor deviations of, e.g. only 2.degree. C., may already lead to visible dyeing differences or increased capillary breakage rates. In order to ensure a constant temperature the product lines and the spinning beams are presently usually condensation-heated. Condensation heating allows very precise temperature management because with this principle primarily those spots of the room impinged with saturated steam can be heated intensively which have a lower temperature than the condensation temperature of the saturated steam. This results in a very even temperature distribution at the condensation surfaces. Hence, this heating principle permits accurate temperature control of the entire melt distribution system to the degree while employing relatively simple means.
In the area of the melt discharge this is somewhat more problematical, however. Prior to the discharge of the filaments from the spinning nozzles another filtration and homogenization of the melt takes place in the nozzle packages. These have to be removed from the spinning beams for cleaning purposes or when resetting the product for a different number of filaments. Assembly and disassembly of the nozzle packages should be as simple as possible in order to restrict the work therefor to a minimum. For this reason the saturated steam cannot circulate directly around the nozzle packages. Therefore, the heat supply to the nozzle packages takes place only via heat conduction at the contact surfaces between the nozzle package and the spinning beam as well as by the supplied melt. On the other hand, however, the heat loss to the environment at the nozzle plates is extremely high, because they cannot be insulated. This means that primarily in the area important for filament formation an exact temperature management is particularly difficult. Therefore, a closer study of this area is absolutely necessary, especially because there has been and still is a trend to finer filaments for which the melt flow through the nozzle package, and consequently also an important heat supply, decreases.
The requirements concerning transmission of heat, or evenness of temperature, have been known for a long time and have been clearly formulated also in patent literature, see e.g. U.S. Pat. No. 4,437,827, in which heaters provided especially therefor were proposed to solve this problem. The efforts connected therewith are considerable. If however the otherwise lacking heat has to be supplied along via the melt it may be necessary to increase the melt temperature which would result in a loss in quality.
At the same time a nozzle package, however, must meet many other requirements. It should e.g.:
In case of a round nozzle package it should additionally be adjustable in a predefined angle position around a vertical axis in order to ensure proper arrangement of each fibril in the space below the nozzle. The previous attempts to meet these demands have led to a variety of proposals and practical embodiments of which only a few examples shall be listed below.
In most cases the connection with a carrier in the spinning beam is made on the upper (inner) end
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Kretzschmar Willi
Orthmayer Erik
Rieter Automatik GmbH
Smith Duane S.
Woo Jay H.
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