Fluid sprinkling – spraying – and diffusing – Flow deflecting or rotation controlling means – And filtering or screening means
Patent
1982-03-08
1984-03-27
Love, John J.
Fluid sprinkling, spraying, and diffusing
Flow deflecting or rotation controlling means
And filtering or screening means
239493, 2395903, B05B 114
Patent
active
044388829
DESCRIPTION:
BRIEF SUMMARY
The invention relates to a nozzle, particulary for burners, which atomizes a fluid entering said nozzle and which on the inlet side is provided with a filter in the nozzle casing and on the outlet side has a nozzle bore in the bottom of the nozzle casing, a whirl member being incorporated into the nozzle casing cavity.
Nozzles as defined hereinbefore are widely used in burners for furnaces of all types. The nozzle as well as the nozzle casing are screwed into the nozzle assembly of the burner. A fluid, e.g. fuel oil is supplied under pressure to the nozzle and, generally accompanied by the formation of an angular momentum, is finely atomized by the nozzle bore and sprayed into the combustion chamber where it mixes with the combustion air fed in in the immediate vicinity thereof and ignites.
As the fluid supplied almost always contains impurities, it is known to pass the fluid through a filter before it enters the nozzle. This filter, which in the case of small nozzles is generally a sinter filter, is positioned at the inlet side of the nozzle, so that only filtered fluid enters the nozzle and the nozzle bore. The free passasge of the nozzle filter can be made so large that clogging of the nozzle is reliably prevented. This requires a passage width of about 70 to 100.mu..
In the case of burners for the heating systems of apartment blocks it has hitherto been standard practice to design them for a much higher capacity than was necessary for the maximum generation of heat e.g. in winter. This made it possible to provide the nozzles with sufficiently large passage cross-sections, so that there was little risk of clogging. However, as a result of this over-dimensioning of the burners, except in extremely cold weather, it was necessary to frequently switch off the burner to prevent excessive heat production. However, the frequent switching on and off of the burner is disadvantageous, because the state at the time of switching on and off does not correspond to the stationary or steady state, which leads to additional losses and also burdens the environment with unburned constituents.
With a view to saving oil and providing maximum environmental protection it is consequently advisable to move away from the conventional burner design and use much smaller burners resulting in far fewer switching on and off states. However, as a result the burner nozzles must be dimensioned for smaller dosing quantitites, which reduces the free passage cross-section for the fuel oil and therefore increases the risk of clogging. If the size of the passage cross-sections can only be reduced to the extent that the suspended particles in the oil can still pass through in an unimpeded manner and the variation of the dosing quantity must be achieved through the design of the burner nozzle, it is impossible to over-look the fact that in spite of the filter there can be an increase in the number of nozzle blockages. This is due to foreign bodies which can form in the burner nozzles and not to impurities in the fluid, which are retained by the filter. Thus, it is possible that particles, e.g. sinter particles can be floated off the filter or metal particles resulting from the machining or filting operations can be detached during the operation of the burner nozzle.
The problem of the invention is to so develop a nozzle of the aforementioned type that it is possible to reliably prevent clogging of the nozzle by particles which can occur in the latter. According to the invention this problem is solved in that in the fluid flow path between the filter and the nozzle bore a protective member having passage orifices is provided, the free passage through said passage orifices being at least as large as the free passage of the passage orifices of the filter.
An embodiment of the invention is shown in the drawing and is described hereinafter. The drawing is a longitudinal section through a burner nozzle with the object of the invention.
The nozzle shown in the drawing is intended for fuel oil of the type used in burners. It has a nozzle casing 1 with
REFERENCES:
patent: 2602006 (1952-07-01), Fahrbach
patent: 4320875 (1982-03-01), Sutter
Love John J.
McCarthy Mary F.
Satronic AG
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