Synthetic resins or natural rubbers -- part of the class 520 ser – Synthetic resins – At least one aryl ring which is part of a fused or bridged...
Patent
1983-02-03
1986-04-08
Schofer, Joseph L.
Synthetic resins or natural rubbers -- part of the class 520 ser
Synthetic resins
At least one aryl ring which is part of a fused or bridged...
524555, 524755, 524814, 524815, 526287, 5262922, 5263073, 526312, C08K 510
Patent
active
045814023
DESCRIPTION:
BRIEF SUMMARY
This invention relates to novel stable water-in-oil dispersions of hydrosoluble cationic polymers based on salified or quaternized dimethylaminoethyl acrylate, their process of preparation and their application.
Preparation of water in oil dispersions of acrylamide polymers is described, among others, in U.S. Pat. Nos. 3,284,393 and 3,826,771 and in British Pat. No. 1,562,417.
Such water in oil dispersions are generally obtained by polymerizing a water in oil emulsion of an aqueous solution of acrylamide or an aqueous solution of acrylamide and a co-monomer in the presence of an emulsifying agent. Various emulsifying agents have been proposed (see French Pat. No. 2 333 815).
Moreover, according to French Pat. No. 2 390 983 and the French patent application No. 79-30711 filed by the Applicants, it is known to obtain through polymerization in water in oil emulsion, cationic powder polymers soluble in water, based on acrylamide and salified or quaternized dimethylaminoethyl acrylate, having uniform distribution of the cationic units along the copolymer chains.
However, Applicants have now discovered novel stable, water in oil dispersions of hydrosoluble cationic polymers based on salified or quaternized dimethylaminoethyl acrylate containing in molar ratios, more than 5% of cationic units uniformly distributed along the copolymer chains.
According to the invention, it is meant by salified or quaternized dimethylaminoethyl acrylate either a strong mineral acid salt of dimethylaminoethyl acrylate such as dimethylaminoethyl acrylate hydrochloride, or a quaternary ammonium obtained through quaternization of dimethylaminoethyl acrylate by a C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 dialkyl sulfate or a C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 alkyl chloride or bromide.
According to the invention, these water in oil stable dispersions are characterized by the following points taken in combination:
(1.degree.) They possess a composition by weight of from 20 to 55% of polymers, from 20 to 45% of oil, from 1 to 5% of emulsifying agents, and the balance to 100% of water;
(2.degree.) the polymers are based on salified or quaternized dimethylaminoethyl acrylate, pure or in admixture with acrylamide, the latter being then in molar proportions lower than or equal to 95%;
(3.degree.) the oil phase is constituted by one or more normal C.sub.10 -C.sub.13 alkanes having a boiling point of between 180.degree. and 275.degree. C.;
(4.degree.) the emulsifying agents consist of at least two emulsifying agents, one of which has a HLB of between 3 and 5, and a good solubility in the oil phase at the room temperature, and a lipophilous group consisting of a ramified carbonated chain having at least 16 carbon atoms, and the other has an average HLB of between 12 and 16.
Advantageously, the first emulsifying agent is selected among the esters of isostearic acid and sorbitane; there will be mentioned in particular sorbitane isostearate and sorbitane sesquiisostearate.
As to the second emulsifying agent, it is advantageously selected among the ethoxylated alkyl phenols, the fatty acids esters of polyethoxylated sorbitane such as for example ethoxylated nonylphenols with an ethoxylation rate of 8 to 20, ethoxylated octylphenols with an ethoxylation rate of 9 to 11, ethoxylated sorbitane mono-oleate with 20 moles of ethylene oxide.
According to another characteristic, the respective percentages by weight of both emulsifying agents are of between 0.5 and 3% relative to the total weight of the dispersion.
As a matter of interest, HLB designates the hydrophilous lipophilous balance of an emulsifying agent, i.e. the equilibrium between the size and the force of the hydrophilous groups, on the one hand, and on the other hand, the lipophilous groups of the emulsifying agent. A definition of HLB is given by W. C. GRIFFIN in "Classification of Surface active agents by HLB"--J.Soc.Cosmetic Chemists, 1950, page 311.
There is commonly designated by "isostearic acid" a mixture in variable proportions of heptadecanoic acids substituted by a methyl group on one of carbon atoms numbered from 2 to 16.
Th
REFERENCES:
patent: 3997492 (1976-12-01), Kane et al.
patent: 4029622 (1977-06-01), Keller et al.
patent: 4078133 (1978-03-01), Ozima
patent: 4299755 (1981-11-01), Keggenhoff et al.
patent: 4319013 (1982-03-01), Cabestany et al.
patent: 4396752 (1983-08-01), Cabestany et al.
Cabestany Jean
Dunk William
Trouve Claude
Flocks Karl W.
Neimark Sheridan
Reddick J. M.
Schofer Joseph L.
Societe Francaise Hoechst
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