Cleaning compositions for solid surfaces – auxiliary compositions – Cleaning compositions or processes of preparing – With oxygen or halogen containing chemical bleach or oxidant...
Reexamination Certificate
1998-12-22
2002-04-23
Kelly, Cynthia H. (Department: 1774)
Cleaning compositions for solid surfaces, auxiliary compositions
Cleaning compositions or processes of preparing
With oxygen or halogen containing chemical bleach or oxidant...
C510S407000, C510S304000, C510S305000, C510S321000, C510S338000, C510S393000, C510S530000, C510S505000
Reexamination Certificate
active
06376447
ABSTRACT:
FIELD OF THE INVENTION
This invention relates to liquid laundry detergent products which are nonaqueous in nature and which contain enzyme particles having reduced average particle size.
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
Liquid nonaqueous detergents are well known in the art. This class of detergents is particularly interesting for enhancing the chemical compatibility of detergent composition components, in particular enzyme particles.
In such nonaqueous products, these enzyme particles are less reactive than if they had been dissolved in the liquid aqueous matrix.
A problem associated with the use of enzyme particles is that there is a tendency for such products to phase separate as dispersed insoluble solid particulate material drops from suspension and settles at the bottom of the container holding the liquid detergent product. Phase stabilizers such as thickeners or viscosity control agents can be added to such products to enhance the physical stability thereof. Such materials, however, can add cost and bulk to the product without contributing to the laundering/cleaning performance of such detergent compositions.
A further problem associated with enzyme particles is that it has been observed that enzyme particles can induce visual inhomogenities in the final product. This represents a problem as composition aesthetics is a key element in terms of consumer acceptance.
Accordingly, the formulator of a nonaqueous liquid detergent composition is faced with the challenge of formulating a physically stable non-aqueous detergent composition which provides effective enzyme activity in the wash.
The Applicant has now surprisingly found that enzyme particles of reduced size within a liquid non-aqueous detergent composition do meet the above objectives.
It is therefore an advantage of the invention to provide enzyme particles containing non-aqueous liquid-detergent compositions which produce efficient enzyme activity in the wash, which are physically stable and which have improved visual appearance.
EP 0 541 610 discloses the preparation of nonaqueous liquid detergents containing more than 8% anionic surfactants by wet grinding of a mixture comprising a peroxygen bleach. The average particle size obtained after grinding is in the preferred range of 1-5 microns. This document does not disclose or suggest that utilizing enzyme particles of reduced particles do provide the benefits of the present invention.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a liquid nonaqueous detergent composition comprising a enzyme particles characterized in that the average particle size of said enzyme particles is less than 600 microns.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Enzyme Particles
The enzyme particles suitable for the present invention comprise comprise one or more enzymes which provide cleaning performance and/or fabric care benefits.
Said enzymes include enzymes selected from cellulases, hemicellulases, peroxidases, proteases, gluco-amylases, amylases, xylanases, lipases, esterases, cutinases, pectinases, keratanases, reductases, oxidases, phenoloxidases, lipoxygenases, ligninases, pullulanases, tannases, pentosanases, malanases, &bgr;-glucanases, arabinosidases, hyaluronidase, chondroitinase, laccase or mixtures thereof.
A preferred combination is a cleaning composition having cocktail of conventional applicable enzymes like protease, amylase, lipase, cutinase and/or cellulase in conjunction with one or more plant cell wall degrading enzymes.
The cellulases usable in the present invention include both bacterial or fungal cellulase. Preferably, they will have a pH optimum of between 5 and 9.5. Suitable cellulases are disclosed in U.S. Pat. No. 4,435,307, Barbesgoard et al, which discloses fungal cellulase produced from Humicola insolens. Suitable cellulases are also disclosed in GB-A-2.075.028; GB-A-2.095.275 and DE-OS-2.247.832.
Examples of such cellulases are cellulases produced by a strain of Humicola insolens (Humicola grisea var. thermoidea), particularly the Humicola strain DSM 1800. Other suitable cellulases are cellulases originated from Humicola insolens having a molecular weight of about 50 KDa, an isoelectric point of 5.5 and containing 415 amino acids. Especially suitable cellulases are the cellulases having color care benefits. Examples of such cellulases are cellulases described in European patent application No. 91202879.2, filed Nov. 6, 1991 (Novo). Carezyme and Celluzyme (Novo Nordisk A/S) are especially useful. See also WO91/17243.
Peroxidase enzymes are used in combination with oxygen sources, e.g. percarbonate, perborate, persulfate, hydrogen peroxide, etc. They are used for “solution bleaching”, i.e. to prevent transfer of dyes or pigments removed from substrates during wash operations to other substrates in the wash solution. Peroxidase enzymes are known in the art, and include, for example, horseradish peroxidase, ligninase, laccase and haloperoxidase such as chloro- and bromo-peroxidase. Peroxidase-containing detergent compositions are disclosed, for example, in PCT International Application WO 89/099813, WO89/09813 and in European Patent application EP No. 91202882.6, filed on Nov. 6, 1991 and EP No. 96870013.8, filed Feb. 20, 1996.
Preferred enhancers are substitued phenthiazine and phenoxasine 10-Phenothiazinepropionicacid (PPT), 10-ethylphenothiazine-4-carboxylic acid (EPC), 10-phenoxazinepropionic acid (POP) and 10-methylphenoxazine (described in WO 94/12621) and substitued syringates (C3-C5 substitued alkyl syringates) and phenols. Sodium percarbonate or perborate are preferred sources of hydrogen peroxide.
Said cellulases and/or peroxidases are normally incorporated in the detergent composition at levels from 0.0001% to 2% of active enzyme by weight of the detergent composition.
Other preferred enzymes that can be included in the detergent compositions of the present invention include lipases. Suitable lipase enzymes for detergent usage include those produced by microorganisms of the Pseudomonas group, such as
Pseudomonas stutzeri
ATCC 19.154, as disclosed in British Patent 1,372,034. Suitable lipases include those which show a positive immunological cross-reaction with the antibody of the lipase, produced by the microorganism
Pseudomonas fluorescent
IAM 1057. This lipase is available from Amano Pharmaceutical Co. Ltd., Nagoya, Japan, under the trade name Lipase P “Amano,” hereinafter referred to as “Amano-P”. Other suitable commercial lipases include Amano-CES, lipases ex
Chromobacter viscosum,
e.g.
Chromobacter viscosum
var. lipolyticum NRRLB 3673 from Toyo Jozo Co., Tagata, Japan;
Chromobacter viscosum
lipases from U.S. Biochemical Corp., U.S.A. and Disoynth Co., The Netherlands, and lipases ex
Pseudomonas gladioli.
Especially suitable lipases are lipases such as M1 Lipase
R
and Lipomax
R
(Gist-Brocades) and Lipolase
R
and Lipolase Ultra
R
(Novo) which have found to be very effective when used in combination with the compositions of the present invention.
Also suitable are cutinases [EC 3.1.1.50] which can be considered as a special kind of lipase, namely lipases which do not require interfacial activation. Addition of cutinases to detergent compositions have been described in e.g. WO-A-88/09367 (Genencor). The lipases and/or cutinases are normally incorporated in the detergent composition at levels from 0.0001% to 2% of active enzyme by weight of the detergent composition.
Suitable proteases are the subtilisins which are obtained from particular strains of
B. subtilis
and
B. licheniformis
(subtilisin BPN and BPN′). One suitable protease is obtained from a strain of Bacillus, having maximum activity throughout the pH range of 8-12, developed and sold as ESPERASE® by Novo Industries A/S of Denmark, hereinafter “Novo”. The preparation of this enzyme and analogous enzymes is described in GB 1,243,784 to Novo. Other suitable proteases include ALCALASE®, DURAZYM® and SAVINASE® from Novo and MAXATASE®, MAXACAL®, PROPEPASE® and MAXAPEM® (protein engineered Maxacal) from International Bio-Synthetics, Inc., The Netherlands; a
Boutique Jean-Pol
Goderis Iwein Jozef Maria Jaak
Gualco Lorenzo Matteo Pierre
Johnston James Pyott
Meyer Axel
Garrett Dawn
Kelly Cynthia H.
Miller Steven W.
Procter & Gamble Company
Zerby Kim W.
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