Adhesive bonding and miscellaneous chemical manufacture – Methods – Surface bonding and/or assembly therefor
Patent
1990-12-04
1994-05-17
Davis, Jenna L.
Adhesive bonding and miscellaneous chemical manufacture
Methods
Surface bonding and/or assembly therefor
156 628, 156 736, 156167, 156181, B32B 3100
Patent
active
053125002
DESCRIPTION:
BRIEF SUMMARY
TECHNICAL FIELD
The present invention relates to a non-woven fabric obtained by spinning a polymeric material and a method and apparatus for making the same and, more particularly, to a non-woven fabric in which filaments composing the non-woven fabric are collected to form an ellipse having an elongated major axis and the filaments are arranged in substantially the major axis direction and a method and apparatus for making the same.
BACKGROUND ART
Random-laid non-woven fabrics made by a conventional spun bonding method and the like are excellent in bulkiness and texture. The random-laid non-woven fabrics also have excellent water permeability and filtering characteristics. Since, however, filaments are arranged substantially at random in the random-laid non-woven fabrics, the random-laid non-woven fabrics have only a poor dimensional stability and a small strength in the longitudinal and transverse directions. In order to improve the strength, the conventional random-laid non-woven fabrics may be stretched. When the conventional random-laid non-woven fabrics are simply stretched in the longitudinal or transverse direction, however, an interengagement or bondage connecting the filaments is often disconnected, and the filaments themselves are not stretched. Therefore, the strength of the non-woven fabrics is not increased.
In addition, a technique of biaxially stretching normal non-woven fabrics is available as disclosed in British Patent No. 1,213,441. When normal non-woven fabrics are biaxially stretched, however, the efficiency of stretching filaments composing the non-woven fabrics is low. Therefore, the strength of the non-woven fabrics cannot be sufficiently increased.
The present inventors, therefore, proposed a method and apparatus for stretching a non-woven fabric in the longitudinal or transverse direction, a means of cross-laminating a longitudinally stretched non-woven fabric and a transversely stretched non-woven fabric, a means of unidirectionally arranging spun filaments, and the like in Japanese Patent Application No. Sho 62-173927. The invention of this prior application is characterized in that a long-fiber random-laid non-woven fabric obtained by spinning un-oriented filaments is stretched in a predetermined direction so that the filaments composing the non-woven fabric are substantially stretched to cause a molecular orientation. As disclosed in this prior application, when a non-woven fabric in which filaments are unidirectionally arranged is stretched in an arranging direction of the filaments, the filaments are stretched, and the strength of the non-woven fabric is increased. In accordance with the type of filaments composing a non-woven fabric, if only the filaments are arranged, a satisfactory strength or dimensional stability can be obtained in the arranging direction of the filaments without stretching the fabric.
The method of making a sheet by shaking fibers is disclosed in Japanese Patent Publication No. Sho 45-10779. In this method, a fluid is alternately, intermittently sprayed from right and left directions to a portion close to a jet outlet of fibers, thereby shaking the fibers to make a sheet.
DISCLOSURE OF INVENTION
It is an object of the present invention to provide a non-woven fabric having a good dimensional stability and a large strength in both the longitudinal and transverse directions and a method and apparatus for making the same.
A non-woven fabric according to the present invention includes a filament-laid layer in which one or more continuous filaments obtained by spinning a polymeric material are collected to form an ellipse having an elongated major axis and the filaments are arranged in a substantially major axis direction. That is, one or more continuous filaments are spirally collected along a shape in which an ellipse having an elongated major axis is gradually shifted in a plane. Since one or more continuous filaments are substantially unidirectionally arranged, the strength in the arranging direction is larger than those of conventional random-la
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patent: 4185981 (1980-01-01), Ohsato
Kojima Shigezou
Kurihara Kazuhiko
Oishi Toshikazu
Yazawa Hiroshi
Davis Jenna L.
Nippon Petrochemicals Co. Ltd.
Polymer Processing Research Inst. Ltd.
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