Non-toxic, environmentally benign fire extinguishants

Details Non-toxic, environmentally benign fire extinguishants Non-toxic, environmentally benign fire extinguishants

1994-11-18

1996-07-09

Gibson, Sharon

Compositions

Fire-extinguishing

Foam-stabilizant or colloid-stabilizant containing

252 2, 169 46, A62D 108

Patent

active

055341640

DESCRIPTION:

BRIEF SUMMARY
FIELD OF THE INVENTION

This invention pertains to fire extinguishing agents which are non-toxic and environmentally safe in both natural form and in degraded forms which may occur as a result of exposure to fire.


DESCRIPTION OF THE PRIOR ART

U.S. Pat. No. 4,954,271, issued Sep. 4, 1990, Raymond W. Green, discloses and protects environmentally amicable fire extinguishing agents comprising in combination: (a) more than 50% by weight of a fluorochlorocarbon selected from the group consisting of: 1,1-dichloro-2,2,2-trifluoroethane, and 1,2-dichloro-2,2-difluoroethane; (b) less than 48% by weight of a fluorocarbon selected from the group consisting of: chlorodifluoromethane, 1-chloro-1,2,2,2-tetrafluoroethane, pentafluoroethane, 1,2,2,2-tetrafluoroethane; and (c) a substance selected from the group consisting of terpenes: citral, citronellal, citronellol, limonene, dipentene, menthol, terpinene, terpinolene, sylvestrene, sabinene, methadiene, zingiberene, ocimene, myrcene, .alpha.-pinene, .beta.-pinene, turpentine, camphor, phytol, vitamin A, abietic acid, squalene, lanosterol, saponin, oleanolic acid, lycopene, .beta.-carotene, lutein, .alpha.-terpineol, and p-cymeme; and unsaturated oils; oleic acid, linoleic acid, linolenic acid, eleosearic acid, lincanic acid, ricinoleic acid, palmitoleic acid, petroselenic acid, vaccenic acid, and erucic acid, in the range of from 2 to 10% by weight.
U.S. Pat. No. 4,826,610, issued May 2, 1989, Derek A. Thacker, discloses a firefighting composition comprising one or more of Halons 11, 12, 113 and 114 together with 1% to 14% by weight of an extinguishant base including a sesquiterpene and one or more essential oils. Solvents and dispersing agents may also be provided. This composition is suited for stream type firefighting situations. The formulation is not particularly ozone friendly.
G.B. Patent No. 1,603,867, Derek A. Thacker, Dec. 2, 1981, discloses a fire extinguisher formulation comprising trichlorofluoromethane (Halocarbon Number 11) and an additive comprised of a mono-terpene. The additive can include an essential oil such as citrus oil or pinene. Dichlorofluoromethane (Halocarbon Number 12) can be included in the formulation.


SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

A fire extinguishing mixture of the following compounds:
(a) 90 to 99.9% wt. of one or more halocarbons of the formula: and Z is any one of 1 to 10, provided when W is 1, X is 0 to 2, Y is 0 to 2, and Z is 1 to 3, the total to add up to 4; when W is 2, X is 0 to 4, Y is 1 to 5, and Z is 1 to 5, the total to add up to 6; when W is 3, X is 0 to 6, Y is 0 to 7, and Z is 1 to 8, the total to add up to 8; and when W is 4, X is 0 to 8, Y is 0 to 9, and Z is 1 to 10, the total to add up to 10; and
(b) 0.1 to 10% wt. of one or more detoxifying substances selected from the group consisting of:


______________________________________ citral citronellal citronellol limonene dipentene menthol terpinene terpinolene sylvestrene sabinene menthadiene zingiberene ocimene myrcene alpha-pinene beta-pinene turpentine camphor phytol vitamin A abietic acid squalene lanosterol saponin oleanolic acid lycopene beta-carotene lutein alpha-terpineol para-cymene oleic acid linoleic acid linolenic acid eleostearic acid lincanic acid ricinoleic acid palmitoleic acid petroselenic acid vaccenic acid erucic acid ethene propene butene isopropene pentene isopentene trimethylethene tetramethylethene butadiene 2-methylbutadiene pentadiene isobutylene ______________________________________ 200.degree. C., a molecular weight in the range of 70 to 400, and a vapour pressure of about MPa 0.1 to about 5.
A fire fighting mixture of the formula:
(a) 90% to 99.9% wt. of a chlorofluorocarbon or fluorocarbon selected from the group consisting of:


______________________________________ hydrochlorofluorocarbon.13 - chlorotrifluoromethane hydrochlorofluorocarbon.21 - dichlorofluoromethane hydrochlorofluorocarbon.22 - chlorodifluoromethane hydrochlorofluorocarbon.31 - chlorofluoromethane hyd

REFERENCES:
patent: 2021981 (1935-11-01), Bichowsky
patent: 3879297 (1975-04-01), Langville et al.
patent: 4826610 (1989-05-01), Thacker
patent: 4954271 (1990-09-01), Green
patent: 5055208 (1991-10-01), Stewart et al.
patent: 5141654 (1992-08-01), Fernandez
patent: 5393438 (1995-02-01), Fernandez

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