Drug – bio-affecting and body treating compositions – Designated organic active ingredient containing – C-o-group doai
Reexamination Certificate
2000-05-26
2004-03-30
Pak, John (Department: 1616)
Drug, bio-affecting and body treating compositions
Designated organic active ingredient containing
C-o-group doai
C514S461000, C514S546000, C424SDIG008, C424SDIG001
Reexamination Certificate
active
06713518
ABSTRACT:
FIELD OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates, in general, to pesticidal compositions containing plant essential oils. In one aspect, the present invention relates to pesticidal compositions containing one or more plant essential oils and/or derivatives thereof to be used as a contact pesticide and/or repellent. In a further aspect, the present invention relates to a method for controlling pests by the application of pesticidally effective amounts of the pesticidal compositions to a locus where pest control is desired.
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to the control of pests and, more particularly, to a non-hazardous pest control agent (a.k.a. pesticide) that eliminates pests through either neural effects of a component or mechanical puncture of the exoskeleton and also, through the neurally effective component entering the puncture. Throughout this description, the term “pest” shall include, without limitation, insects and arachnids.
Insects and other pests have long plagued humankind. Over the years, various approaches have been taken to control pests and especially insects, and none have been completely satisfactory.
For example, the use of complex, organic insecticides, such as disclosed in U.S. Pat. Nos. 4,376,784 and 4,308,279, are expensive to produce, can be hazardous to man, domestic animals, and the environment, and frequently are effective only on certain groups of insects. Moreover, the target insects often build an immunity to the insecticide.
Another approach employs absorbent organic polymers for widespread dehydration of the insects. See, U.S. Pat. Nos. 4,985,251; 4,983,390; 4,818,534; and 4,983,389. However, this approach is limited predominantly to aquatic environments, and it likewise relies on hazardous chemical insecticidal agents. Further, the addition of essential oils is primarily as an insect attractant.
In addition, this approach is based on the selective absorption of a thin layer of insect wax from the exoskeleton and not to a puncture of the exoskeleton. [Sci. Pharm. Proc. 25th, Melchor et al, pp. 589-597 (1966)]
The use of inorganic salts as components of pesticides is reported by U.S. Pat. Nos. 2,423,284 and 4,948,013, European Patent Application No. 462 347, Chemical Abstracts 119(5):43357q (1993) and Farm Chemicals Handbook, page c102 (1987). These references disclose the inclusion of these components but not the puncturing of the exoskeleton of the insect by the salts.
The applicants are also aware of the following which disclose pesticides and insecticides: U.S. Pat. Nos. 4,806,526, 4,834,977, 5,110,594, 5,271,947 and 5,342,630.
The marketplace is replete with toxic chemical insecticidal agents that are offensive to apply and, more importantly, pose a danger to humans and the environment.
It would be greatly advantageous to solve these problems with a pesticidal agent/composition that works neurally and with a penetrating substance to kill pests, thereby eliminating the need for any chemicals which are toxic to humans and domestic animals.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
Accordingly, it is an object of the invention to provide a method for non-hazardous pest control and a composition for the same which kills pests neurally and both mechanically and neurally.
It is another object to provide a safe, non-toxic pest control agent that will not harm the environment.
It is another object to provide a pest control agent that is highly effective in combating a wide variety of pests, including all insects and arachnids having an exoskeleton.
It is another object to provide a pest control agent which has either no scent or a pleasant scent, and which can be applied without burdensome safety precautions for humans and domestic animals.
It is still another object to provide a pest control agent as described above which can be inexpensively produced.
It is yet another object of the invention to provide a pest control agent to which pests cannot build an immunity.
In accordance with the above-described and other objects, the present invention provides a pesticide for insects and arachnids comprising a carrier and at least a neurally effective substance. The neurally effective substance has the following Formula
wherein
R
1
is any of the following: CH
2
, C
2
H
4
, C
3
H
6
, C
3
H
4
, C
4
H
8
or C
4
H
4
,
R
2
is any of the following: H, H
2
, CH
3
, C
2
H
5
, C
3
H
7
, C
3
H
5
, C
4
H
9
or C
4
H
5
,
R
3
is any of the following: H, H
2
or OCH
3
, and
wherein the six member ring ABCDEF may contain at least one unsaturated bond therein.
During the course of developing improved insecticidal compositions the inventors have found that various organic compounds when applied in a novel manner will unexpectedly act as a pesticide to kill insects and arachnids. Among the preferred compounds that applicants have found to be insecticidal are terpeniol, phenylethyl alcohol, benzyl acetate, benzyl alcohol, eugenol and cinnamic alcohol. To be affective these compounds should be incorporated into carriers preferably in the form of aerosols, dusts, solutions, liquid emulsions and the like.
The herein disclosed invention envisions a pesticide for insects and arachnids comprising a carrier and an effective amount of at least one neurally effective substance. In a specific embodiment the carrier is crystalline dust having a size effective to puncture the exoskeleton and to permit the neurally effective substance to enter the punctured exoskeleton and interfere with the bodily function of the insects and arachnids. Specifically the carrier can be a crystalline powder of a mixture of alkali metal bicarbonate, calcium carbonate, diatomaceous earth and amorphous silica. The crystalline powder has a particle size of 0.1 to 200 microns, and preferably under 100 microns, and the calcium carbonate can be in the form of ground pottery glaze. In an alternative embodiment the carrier is an aerosol spray having a solvent and a propellant, and is compatible and non-reactive with the neurally effective substance. Specifically the solvent can be an organic solvent, either aromatic or aliphatic, and wherein the propellant is carbon dioxide or dimethyl ether. It is to be understood that the solvent is compatible and nonreactive with the neurally effective substances. The neurally effective substances in the composition can be in the range of approximately 0.01% to 10% by weight of the pesticide composition. In some embodiments of the pesticidal composition the neurally effective substance is a mixture of two or more neurally effective substances and/or other diluents included for aesthetic purposes.
In an alternative embodiment of the pesticide for controlling insects and arachnids the composition comprises an effective amount of crystalline powder including calcium carbonate, alkali metal bicarbonate, absorbent material and at least one neurally effective substance having a chemical structure represented by the formula
wherein
R
1
is any of the following: CH
2
, C
2
H
4
, C
3
H
6
, C
3
H
4
, C
4
H
8
or C
4
H
4
,
R
2
is any of the following: H, H
2
, CH
3
, C
2
H
5
, C
3
H
7
, C
3
H
5
, C
4
H
9
or C
4
H
5
,
R
3
is any of the following: H, H
2
or OCH
3
, and
wherein the six member ring ABCDEF may contain at least one unsaturated bond therein and also an ester of the hydroxyl group on R
1
when R
1
is CH
2
, R
2
is H and R
3
is H, and specifically an acetate ester. The pesticide formulation contains the neurally effective substance in 0.1% to 10% or more by weight of the pesticide. The crystalline powder of this composition comprises calcium carbonate 27%-35%, sodium bicarbonate 54%-65% and absorbent material 4%-5% by weight.
In a particularly elegant embodiment of this invention the pesticide for controlling insects and arachnids comprises an aerosol spray including a solvent, a propellant and an effective amount of at least one neurally effective substance having a chemical structure of
wherein
R
1
is any of the following: CH
2
, C
2
H
4
, C
3
H
6
, C
3
H
4
, C
4
H
8
or C
4
H
4
,
R
2
is any of the following: H, H
2
, CH
3
, C
2
H
5
, C
3
Bessette Steven M.
Knight Arthur M.
Ecosmart Technologies, Inc.
Nixon & Vanderhye P.C.
Pak John
LandOfFree
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