Non-dwarfing pear rootstock named ‘Rhenus 3’

Details Non-dwarfing pear rootstock named ‘Rhenus 3’ Non-dwarfing pear rootstock named ‘Rhenus 3’

1999-01-29

2002-07-16

Campell, Bruce R. (Department: 1661)

Plants

Fruit

Pear

Plant Patent

active

PP012771

CLAIM:
A new and distinct variety ofPyrus communisnamed ‘Rhenus3’ that is compatible as a rootstock with all pear varieties tested and when used as a rootstock for pear varieties, does not cause significant dwarfing. When used as a rootstock, ‘Rhenus3’ results in high yield efficiency, early yield (precocity), substantially uniform fruit size, high frost hardiness, no suckering, and good soil adaptation. 6>BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION The present invention comprises a new non-dwarfing rootstock for pears (Pyrus communis) designated ‘BU/233’ for experimental purposes and now referred to by the varietal name ‘Rhenus 3’. The new variety was selected by me in a cultivated area in a orchard at the Research Station of Viticulture and Horticulture in Geisenheim, Germany. Pear varieties ‘Old Home’ (female) (unpatented, believed to be publicly available) and ‘Bonne Louise d'Avranches’ (male) (unpatented, believed to be publicly available) were cross-pollinated and a substantial number of the resulting seeds were germinated. A number of seedlings were then used as rootstocks for pear varieties grafted onto the rootstocks. The grafted seedlings including ‘Rhenus 3’ were then evaluated as rootstocks. ‘Rhenus 3’ was then selected for further testing. ‘Rhenus 3’ has not been observed under all possible environmental conditions and its phenotype may vary significantly with variations in environment such as temperature, light intensity, and day length, without any variation in genotype. However, the following unique combination of characteristics relating to the use of ‘Rhenus 3’ as a rootstock for pear varieties, distinguish ‘Rhenus 3’ from all other pear varieties of which I am aware: (1) causes non-dwarfing of pear varieties; (2) compatible as a rootstock with all pear varieties tested; (3) high yield efficiency; (4) early yield (precocity); (5) substantially uniform fruit size; (6) high frost hardiness; (7) no suckering; (8) good soil adaptation; and (9) easy propagation from hardwood and softwood cuttings. These characteristics are established and transmitted through succeeding asexual propagations. Asexual reproduction of ‘Rhenus 3’ is accomplished, for example, by tissue culture; softwood and hardwood cuttings, e.g., using 2,000 ppm indole-3-butyric acid (IBA) (quick dipping) by the “methode Trefoise” (R. Trefoise, “Description des techniques de bouturage feuille des nouveaux sujets porte-greffe nanifiants dur cerisier,”Note technique du Centre de Recherches Agronomiquies de l'Etat Gembloux, No. 10/50, Septembre 1988, I.S.S.N. 0771-0607, 1988). 5>BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS The following drawings are photographs of ‘Rhenus 3’ taken at the Research Station of Viticulture and Horticulture in Geisenheim, Germany, except forFIG. 3which was taken in Dundee, Oreg. FIG. 1is a view of five-year-old nonpruned specimen of ‘Rhenus 3’ (height: about 5 m). FIG. 2shows rooted hardwood cuttings of ‘Rhenus 3’. FIG. 3shows a dormant ‘Rhenus 3’ tree that was planted in July 1997 as a tissue culture plant. FIG. 4shows a comparison of the bark and lenticels of one year old ‘Rhenus 3’ branches (on the left in this figure) with one year old ‘Rhenus 1’ branches (on the right in this figure). 4>DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS The following is a detailed description of the invention based on plants grown at the Research Station of Viticulture and Horticulture in Geisenheim, Hessen, Germany (hereinafter, “the Research Station”) and in Dundee, Oreg. Color descriptions and other terminology are used herein in accordance with ordinary dictionary significance unless otherwise noted with reference to The Royal Horticultural Society Colour Chart (R.H.S.). It should be noted that color does vary with time of year, lighting conditions, and soil and nutrient conditions. For example, leaf col

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