Compositions – Compositions containing a single chemical reactant or plural... – Organic reactant
Patent
1989-09-13
1990-11-27
Willis, Prince E.
Compositions
Compositions containing a single chemical reactant or plural...
Organic reactant
252 95, 252 99, 2521864, 25218641, C11D 339, C11D 328
Patent
active
049734180
DESCRIPTION:
BRIEF SUMMARY
The present invention relates to the use of anhydrides as bleach activators, especially in detergent compositions.
Compounds such as tetraacetyl ethylene diamine (hereafter referred to as "TAED") are well known. Processes for the production of such compounds are disclosed for instance in published German patent application No. 2832021. These compounds are said to be efficient in activating the conventional inorganic salts used as bleach precursors in detergent compositions and generate peracetic acid in situ by the reaction thereof with alkaline hydrogen peroxide. The activating agent for the bleach precursor is the so-called bleach activator. Specific examples of such bleach precursors are sodium perborate and sodium percarbonate. In the absence of the activators the bleach precursor is satisfactorily effective only at elevated temperatures, its effectiveness being very slow at lower temperatures. The use of compounds such as TAED enable the bleach precursor to function more effectively at temperatures of the order of 60.degree. C.
It has now been found that certain anhydrides function as efficient additives in activating the bleach precursor in detergent compositions, especially at low temperatures.
Accordingly the present invention is a detergent composition in aqueous solution comprising
(i) a surfactant selected from anionic, nonionic, zwitterionic and cationic surfactants and mixtures thereof,
(ii) a precursor compound capable of giving rise to a peroxygen compound in the presence of water,
(iii) a bleach activator capable of enhancing the bleaching activity of the peroxygen compound so formed,
(iv) a suds suppressing agent and
(v) a detergent builder, characterised in that the bleach activator comprises one or more cyclic anhydrides containing at least one nitrogen atom in the alpha position with respect to at least one of the carbonyl functions in the anhydride and the activator is at least partially soluble in water.
Thus such compounds may be represented by the generic formula ##STR1## wherein Q is a divalent organic grouping such that Q and N together with the carbonyl and oxygen functions in the anhydride group form one or more cyclic structures, and R is H, an alkyl, aryl, halogen, a carboxylic or a carbonyl containing function.
Where R has an aryl, alkaryl or aralkyl containing functions, it is essential that such functions also carry a substituent capable of solubilising the activator in aqueous systems e.g. a sulphonic acid group. Where R is a halogen containing functions, the halogen is preferably chlorine or bromine.
An example of such compound is that shown in formula (II) below: ##STR2## In the formula (II) above, where R=H; isatoic anhydride or 2H-3,1-Benzoxazine-2,4-(1H)dione [Chem. Reg. No. 118-48-91] R=Me; N-methyl Isatoic anhydride or 2H-3,1-Benzoxazine-2,4-(1H)dione 1-methyl [Chem. Reg. No. 10328-92-4]. Another compound of this type is a compound of formula (III) below: ##STR3## wherein R has the same significance as in formula (I) above, and R.sub.1, R.sub.2, R.sub.3 and R.sub.4 may be the same or different nuclear substituents and may be selected from H, halogen, alkyl, alkenyl, aryl, alkoxyl, amino, COOR.sub.5, (where R.sub.5 is an H or an alkyl group) and carbonyl containing functions. Specific examples of such compounds include cases where: NO.sub.2, or ##STR4## where R has the same significance as in formula (I) above, and R.sub.6 and R.sub.7 may be the same or different groups and may be any one of the groups listed in the context of R.sub.1 to R.sub.4 above and n has a value from 1-3. ##STR5## wherein R has the same significance as in formula (I) above, and R.sub.8 and R.sub.9 are the same or different groups and may be any one of the groups designated for the substituents R.sub.1 -R.sub.4 above except that both R.sub.8 and R.sub.9 should not be H, or which together form one or more cyclic structure with or without additional hetero atoms. One example of such a compound in where R.sub.8 and R.sub.9 together represent one or more benzene rings as in formula (III) above, or,
REFERENCES:
patent: 3775333 (1973-11-01), Loffelman et al.
patent: 3840466 (1974-10-01), Gray
patent: 3850920 (1974-11-01), Walles
patent: 3928223 (1975-12-01), Murray
patent: 4147654 (1979-04-01), Rapko
patent: 4271031 (1981-06-01), Oppenlaender et al.
patent: 4551263 (1985-11-01), Schellhammer et al.
Hodge Stephen R.
Pearce Andrew
BP Chemicals Limited
Willis Prince E.
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