Nitration process

Details Nitration process Nitration process

1993-10-14

1994-05-17

Wu, Shean

Organic compounds -- part of the class 532-570 series

Organic compounds

Oxygen containing

568928, 568929, 568932, 568937, 568939, 203 12, C07C20100, B01D 300

Patent

active

053130090

ABSTRACT:
A continuous process to nitrate a nitratable aromatic compound in a nitronium ion solution in a nitrator. The process comprises feeding into the nitrator nitronium ion solution of a composition within an area defined by connecting three points in a ternary phase diagram of nitric acid, sulfuric acid and water. The three points correspond to first about 82% of sulfuric acid and 18% nitric acid, secondly about 55% sulfuric acid and about 45% water and, thirdly, 100% sulfuric acid, with the nitric acid preferably being below about 3%. The nitratable aromatic compound is introduced in a manner such that a fine emulsion of hydrocarbon in the nitronium ion solution is formed with the hydrocarbon evenly distributed in the acid phase. The acid and the nitratable aromatic compound are brought into intimate contact in a plug-flow nitrator that contains mixing elements.

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Kirk-Othmer, "Nitrobenzene and Nitrotoluenes," Encyclopedia of Chemical Technology, 3rd Edition, 1978, vol. 15.

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