Radiant energy – Invisible radiant energy responsive electric signalling – With or including a luminophor
Patent
1987-03-20
1988-09-20
Howell, Janice A.
Radiant energy
Invisible radiant energy responsive electric signalling
With or including a luminophor
250369, G01T 1167
Patent
active
047727918
ABSTRACT:
The effectiveness of drugs and substances that affect brain chemistry can be efficiently and relatively inexpensively monitored. Radioactive tracer substances comprising a ligand that binds to presynaptic or postsnaptic neuroreceptors is administered to a patient. Emissions (primarily positrons, and gamma rays which are emitted from the positrons) are measured. These emissions are indicative of the number and the degree of occupancy or blocking of the neuroreceptors. The number of neuroreceptors and the degree of occupancy or blocking is calculated utilizing a mathematical model, and compared with an intra-person or inter-person control, to determine the degree of drug response. Further treatment of the patient with drugs is based upon the comparisons made. Dopamine, serotonin, opiate, and other receptors all may be monitored, and the procedures are particularly applicable to treatment of Parkinson's disease, schizophenia, and drug addictions. Simple apparatus is utilized including a patient head support and first and second gamma ray directional detectors (such as NaI or BiGe detectors) disposed on opposite sides of the head support, and connected to circuitry including photomultiplier tubes, preamplifiers, and circuitry for correcting for random gamma ray detections.
REFERENCES:
patent: 3781557 (1973-12-01), Carugati et al.
Stephen E. Derenzo, "Detectors, Sampling, Shielding, and Electronics For Positron Emission Tomography", Donner Laboratory and Lawrence Berkeley Laboratory Document No. LBL-13091 University of California, Berkeley, California (Aug. 1981), pp. 1-6.
Charles A. Burnham, Saul Aronow, and Gordon L. Brownell, "A Hybrid Positron Scanner", Phys. Med. Biol., vol. 15, No. 3, (Jul. 1970), pp. 517-528.
In re Chandler, 117, USPQ, pp. 361-65.
Hannaher Constantine
Howell Janice A.
Johns Hopkins University
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