Surgery – Truss – Pad
Patent
1985-03-25
1987-12-15
Kyle, Deborah L.
Surgery
Truss
Pad
128659, 436 8, A61B 600
Patent
active
047125616
ABSTRACT:
The effectiveness of drugs and substances that affect brain chemistry can be efficiently and relatively inexpensively monitored. Radioactive tracer substances comprising a ligand that binds to presynaptic or postsynaptic neuroreceptors is administered to a patient. Emissions (primarily positrons, and gamma rays which are emitted from the positrons) are measured. These emissions are indicative of the number and the degree of occupancy or blocking of the neuroreceptors. The number of neuroreceptors and the degree of occupancy or blocking is calculated utilizing a mathematical model, and compared with an intra-person or inter-person control, to determine the degree of drug response. Further treatment of the patient with drugs is based upon the comparisons made. Dopamine, serotonin, opiate, and other receptors all may be monitored, and the procedures are particularly applicable to treatment of Parkinson's disease, schizophenia, and drug addictions. Simple apparatus is utilized including a patient head support and first and second gamma ray directional detectors (such as NaI or BiGe detectors) disposed on opposite sides of the head support, and connected to circuitry including photomultiplier tubes, preamplifiers, and circuitry for correcting for random gamma ray detections.
REFERENCES:
patent: 4259947 (1981-04-01), Kobrinsky
patent: 4284619 (1981-08-01), Lin
patent: 4444743 (1984-04-01), Yokoyama et al.
Wagner et al, "Imaging Dopamine Receptors in the Human Brain by Positron Tomography", Science, Sep. 23, 1983, vol. 221, pp. 1264-1266.
Wong and Wagner et al, "Effects of Age on Dopamine and Serotonin Receptors Measured by Positron Tomography in the Living Human Brain", Science, Dec. 21, 1984, vol. 226, pp. 1393-1396.
Bice, Wagner et al, "Absorbed Fractions for Dose Calculations of Neuroreceptor PET Studies", The John Hopkins Medical Institute.
Johns Hopkins University
Kyle Deborah L.
Wallen T. J.
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