Chemistry of hydrocarbon compounds – Alicyclic compound synthesis – Carotene or derivative
Patent
1998-05-04
1999-10-05
Reamer, James H.
Chemistry of hydrocarbon compounds
Alicyclic compound synthesis
Carotene or derivative
585803, C07C 714
Patent
active
059627565
DESCRIPTION:
BRIEF SUMMARY
FIELD OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to carotenoid concentrates obtained by processing chromoplasts and chloroplasts isolated from plant material and to a process for preparing the same.
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
Carotenoids as referred to herein are a group of unsaturated hydrocarbons containing isoprene units or their derivatives substituted by various functional groups and the lipid addition compounds of the same.
It is well known that a healthy diet involves the consumption of appropriate amounts of high quality vegetables and fruits. Beside the different ingredients of these foodstuffs carotenoids are essential components for maintaining the health of the organism. Carotenoids, are highly efficient antioxidants, capturing the noxious free radicals continuously generated in the human organism. In addition, some carotenoids possess provitamin functions.
Beyond the provitamin function the main task of carotenoids is to inactivate the free radicals formed in increasing amounts in the human organism due to increased environmental hazards such as smoking, enhanced ultraviolet irradiation, air pollution, etc. However, even the best diet is unable to provide a sufficient continuous carotenoid supply which according to the data of various scientists may amount in the case of adults to a daily dose of 6-15 mg, so the need to apply carotenoid compositions as dietary supplements becomes ever more urgent.
Epidemiological surveys and other experimental data demonstrate that the incidence of morbidity and mortality due to various forms of cancer is lower in regions and in populations where vegetable and fruit consumption is high. The data show that this diet provides a sufficient carotenoid supply suggesting that carotenoids may have a prophylactic effect in preserving health.
As it is rather difficult, sometimes even impossible to provide a continuous carotenoid supply with the diet, there is an arising need to supplement the diet with carotenoid compositions prepared from various sources, and to ensure the required carotenoid supply in this way.
It has to be stressed that continuous carotenoid intake is a prerequisite of optimal efficacy. Free radicals are generated continuously in the organism thus they also have to be detoxicated continuously. This can only be achieved with a sufficient level of antioxidants in the organism. Carotenoids are not the only compounds which possess antioxidant properties, for example, tocopherols are also antioxidants. However, carotenoids are essential and together with tocopherols they even exert synergistic activity.
As a conclusion, carotenoids should be present in the human organism continuously and in suitable plasma levels to protect the organism prophylactically against abnormal processes induced by free radicals. As this effect is prophylactic, the regime has to be designed accordingly, i.e. the supplantation of the diet with carotenoids should be continuous.
Considering the above background the carotenoid compositions applied as continuous diet supplements, medications or eventually drugs (as vitamin preparations) should satisfy the following requirements: plasma, which is the following according to literature:
______________________________________ alpha-carotene 0.12-0.15 .mu.mol/l,
beta-carotene 0.40-0.80 .mu.mol/l,
xanthophyll (lutein + zeaxanthine)
0.28-0.35 .mu.mol/l,
lycopene 0.49-0.74 .mu.mol/l,
______________________________________
any toxicological hazard, i.e. it cannot cause any nutritional health
problem;
final product excludes toxic contaminants (solvent residues for instance),
as the composition will be used continuously;
to avoid administering large doses of the medication or dietary supplement
increased at least 10 to 100 fold. Consequently it is our aim to prepare a
product with a concentration of 50,000-100,000 m/kg from carrots with a
carotene content of 100-200 mg/kg.
On the basis of the bioavailability of carotenoids to satisfy a daily carotenoid requirement of 10-15 mg/kg an adult would have to consume daily abou
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patent: 5310554 (1994-05-01), Haigh
patent: 5378369 (1995-01-01), Rose et al.
patent: 5714658 (1998-02-01), Heidlas et al.
Koch et al, Chem. Abstracts, vol. 115, No. 239,702k, 1991.
Attila Pataki
Kalman Toth
Koch Lehel
Sandor Matits
Victorovich Borets Serghei
Motiv Trading Joint Stock Company
Reamer James H.
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