Expanded – threaded – driven – headed – tool-deformed – or locked-thr – Impact driven fastener – e.g. – nail – spike – tack – etc. – Including integral locking means
Patent
1983-05-25
1987-01-20
Smith, Gary L.
Expanded, threaded, driven, headed, tool-deformed, or locked-thr
Impact driven fastener, e.g., nail, spike, tack, etc.
Including integral locking means
411922, 411487, 10 62, F16B 1508
Patent
active
046377689
DESCRIPTION:
BRIEF SUMMARY
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
1. Field of the Invention
The invention relates firstly to a nail-type fastener, according to the preamble to claim 1, and secondly to a process for manufacturing such fasteners, as according to the preamble to claim 7.
2. Description of the Prior Art
A disadvantage of most known nail-types is that they have a disadvantageous ratio between the amount of material in the nail and the size of the frictional surface of the nail. This is especially true of common round wire nails made of wire with a round cross section. The weight per thousand nails is unfavourably high for the round wire nail. Another disadvantage of this type of nail is that it easily gives rise to severe cracking in the wood.
In order to avoid said disadvantages, several types of nails have been developed with three longitudinal flanges (splines) or with a Y-shaped cross section. Examples of such nails are given in British Patent Specification 10 180 from 1910 and Swedish Patent Specification 127 167. These known designs have not, however, provided a satisfactory solution of the above-mentioned problems, and therefore these nails have not come into wide-spread use.
The purpose of the present invention is to achieve a new type of nail in which the material is utilized more efficiently (than in known nails) to obtain improved strength characteristics, primarily increased flexural rigidity and pull grip. In other words, this new type of nail is to have, with the same nominal size as a conventional, known nail, at least the same flexural rigidity, but using a smaller amount of material in the nail; i.e. the new type of nail is to have a lower weight than the corresponding conventional nail. It must also be possible to produce the nail wire for the new nail more rapidly from a wire of circular cross section than is possible for conventional, rolled nail wires.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
The above purposes can be achieved according to the invention by making in each of the lateral outside surfaces (of the fastener's shank) a groove extending along the shank, said groove normally being defined transversely by two opposing side flank surfaces (planar or arcuate) both of which connect via individual corners, which are preferably sharp or of small radius, to the bottom surface of the groove which is flat, or which is inclined inwards and downwards from the sides towards the center of the groove, the lateral surfaces of the shank which are provided with grooves separated from each other transversely by ridges running along the shank with arcuate cross-sectional outer contours.
Thus the bottom of the grooves can consist of a planar bottom surface, a concave bottom surface, the "halves" of which are inclined inwards and downwards towards the center of the groove, or else the bottom surface can consist of two oblique flat surfaces (bottom halves) which converge at an angle to each other at the center of the groove. In the latter case, the bottom of the groove is thus V-shaped in cross section. The shape of the bottom surface can also be shaped so that its cross-sectional profile line consists of both irregularly inclined (sloping) or completely straight (planar) portions.
Preferably, the grooves have the same cross-sectional shape and are symmetrically located relative to the longitudinal center line of the shank. In certain cases it is preferable that the grooves have in cross section a V-shaped bottom surface in which the flat halves form an obtuse angle with each other, said angle suitably lying in the interval 130.degree.-170.degree., and preferably being about 150.degree.. It is also suitable that the angle between an imaginary plane (which contains the longitudinal center line of the shank and the center of the bottom surface) and the side flank surfaces connecting to the bottom surface be acute. Suitably, the angle can be about 10.degree.-30.degree., and in many cases a suitable value is about 20.degree.. The ratio between the greatest depth of the grooves and the cross dimension of the shank should normally be at leas
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patent: 2070766 (1937-02-01), Wilson
patent: 2412517 (1946-12-01), Klein
patent: 2649009 (1953-08-01), Selby
patent: 2821727 (1958-02-01), Corckran
Smith Gary L.
Wilson Neill
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