Drug – bio-affecting and body treating compositions – Preparations characterized by special physical form – Cosmetic – antiperspirant – dentifrice
Reexamination Certificate
1999-07-01
2001-07-03
Page, Thurman K. (Department: 1615)
Drug, bio-affecting and body treating compositions
Preparations characterized by special physical form
Cosmetic, antiperspirant, dentifrice
C424S061000
Reexamination Certificate
active
06254878
ABSTRACT:
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
This invention relates to acrylic nail polish compositions and, more specifically, to nail polish compositions containing acrylic polymeric film forming binders, acrylic polymeric pigment dispersant, or both acrylic binders and acrylic dispersants.
All currently manufactured nail polish products contain nitrates of cellulose, either as a pigment dispersant or as a film forming binder. These nitrates of cellulose provide very good film forming properties when properly plasticized, and are relatively inexpensive materials. However, nitrocellulose materials present a severe safety hazard in their manufacture, transportation, and storage. While newer nail polish products have begun replacing the nitrocellulose binders with other types of film-forming polymers (e.g., acrylic resins, polyester resins), nitrocellulose is still used as a pigment dispersant in the colored nail polish grades.
In the abstract, the concept of formulating a nail polish composition with acrylic dispersants and acrylic binders might seem simple. In practice, however, it has proven far more difficult than one might imagine. Acrylic monomers are toxic materials and care needs to be taken in formulating cosmetics or other products were ingestion might be a significant issue. In addition developing acrylic dispersants and binders that are compatible with those solvents to form stable dispersions is a challenge.
Furthermore, the acrylic binders and dispersants need to be compatible with one another (as well as the solvents) in the same composition. Compatibility means that the nail polish composition must be a single phase, homogeneous composition that is free of grit and lumps and must produce a smooth coating of uniform color and appearance that is clear and not cloudy. Finally, the commercial success of a nail polishes is determined by factors such as hardness, gloss, resistance to cracking, fading, chipping, peeling, drying time, and resistance to water, soaps, cleaning solutions and lotions. Thus, if any acrylic nail polish composition must at least be able to match a nitrocellulose based composition in these properties.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
In one aspect, the present invention provides a nail polish composition comprising:
a) a solvent system comprising no more than 30% water by weight, based on the weight of the solvent system; and
b) a binder comprising an acrylic copolymer of monomers selected from the group consisting of (meth)acrylic acid, esters of (meth)acrylic acid, and stirene; wherein said binder further contains adhesion promoting monomers selected from the group consisting of (1) anhydride monomers, anhydride monomers with acid monomers, anhydride monomers in combination with ureido monomers, and anhydride monomers with beta-diketone monomers; (2) acid monomers in combination with hydroxy monomers; (3) ureido monomers, ureido monomers in combination with beta-diketone monomers, and ureido monomers in combination with acid monomers.
In another aspect, the invention provides a nail polish composition comprising:
a) a solvent system comprising no more than 30% water by weight based on the weight of the solvent system;
b) a pigment;
c) a polymeric dispersant comprising an acrylic polymer comprising monomers selected from the group consisting of (meth)acrylic acid, esters of (meth)acrylic acid, and stirene; and
d) a binder.
In a preferred aspect, the present invention provides a nitrocellulose-free nail polish composition wherein both the polymeric dispersant and the binder comprise acrylic polymers.
In a most preferred aspect, the present invention provides a nitrocellulose-free nail polish composition wherein both the polymeric dispersant and the binder comprise acrylic polymers and wherein the dispersant and the binder are prepared from the same monomers.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION
The nail polish compositions of this invention are those containing an acrylic polymer. The polymer may be in the form of a pigment dispersant or a film forming binder. The present nail polish compositions have properties (hardness, gloss, dry time, etc.) equal to better than commercial nail polish compositions that contain nitrates of cellulose, either as the dispersant and/or as the binder. The nail polish compositions of this invention include both colored nail polishes and clear coat nail polishes. The essential difference between the colored and clear nail polish compositions is that the colored nail polishes contain a pigment and a dispersant.
The nail polish compositions of this invention are those containing acrylic polymers, either as the film-forming binder or the pigment dispersant, but preferably as both. It is preferred for the nail polish compositions to be free of nitrocellulose and most preferred to have the composition contain an acrylic dispersant and an acrylic binder. However, it is understood that nail polish compositions of this invention may contain cellulosic esters, such as nitrocellulose, so long as either the dispersant (if present) or the polymer binder is an acrylic polymer as further defined herein. In other words, the present invention is intended to encompass those nail polish compositions containing a nitrocellulose dispersant in combination with an acrylic polymer binder (as defined herein) as well as nail polish compositions containing an acrylic polymer dispersant in combination with a nitrocellulose binder.
Certain terms are used throughout this specification that should be clarified to ensure a complete understanding of the disclosure. The terms “(meth)acrylic” and “(meth)acrylate” are used to refer to both the methylated and non-methylated forms of acrylic acid or acrylate monomers. The term “acrylic polymer” means polymers made from (meth)acrylic acid and/or (meth)acrylate monomers, alone or in combination with other (i.e., non-acrylic) monomers as more particularly defined herein.
The clear coat nail polish compositions of this invention contain two essential ingredients: the solvent system and the film forming acrylic polymer binder. The colored nail polish compositions of this invention contain four essential ingredients: solvent system, pigment, pigment dispersant (preferably an acrylic polymer) and a binder (preferably an acrylic polymer).
Solvent System
The nail polish compositions of this invention are solvent based, meaning that the liquid portion of the nail polish (i.e., the solvent system) comprises at least one organic non-aqueous solvent. It is not to advantage for water to be present in the nail polish compositions, so the presence of water in the solvent system is to be avoided. However, in some instances water might be present in small amounts as a by-product of ingredients used in the nail polish composition. For example, water may be introduced as an impurity in solvents or other components of the nail polish, or it may be introduced through the use of pigments supplied as a water-wet presscake.
Accordingly, while not preferred, the solvent system may comprise from 0-30% water by weight, based on the weight of the solvent system. For nail polish compositions comprising a high weight percent of the solvent system, the water content would be at the lower end of this range. Conversely, the solvent system can comprise a higher percentage of water in compositions where the solvent system comprises a small percent of the overall weight of the nail polish composition.
Suitable non-aqueous solvents include aliphatic or aromatic ketones such as acetone, diacetone alcohol, dihydroxyacetone, ethyl butyl valerolactone, methyl ethyl ketone; aliphatic or aromatic alcohols such as methanol, propanol, benzyl alcohol, butoxyethanol, butoxypropanol, butyl alcohol, 3-methyl-3-methoxy-butanol, t-butyl alcohol, butylene glycol, diethylene glycol, abietyl alcohol, propylene carbonate, hexyl alcohol, isopropanol; glycol ethers; esters such as butyl acetate, ethyl acetate, methyl acetate, propyl acetate, amyl acetate, alkanes for example, pentane, cyclopentane, hexane, heptane, cyclohexane, cyclic ethers for example, tetrahydrofuran and 1,4-dioxane, cellosolve
Bednarek Milan Bohuslav
Scopazzi Christopher
E. I. Du Pont de Nemours and Company
Howard S.
Page Thurman K.
Tessari Joseph A.
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