Heat exchange – Casing or tank enclosed conduit assembly – Manifold formed by casing section and tube sheet of assembly
Patent
1990-03-12
1992-06-02
Ford, John K.
Heat exchange
Casing or tank enclosed conduit assembly
Manifold formed by casing section and tube sheet of assembly
165174, 422 46, F28F 1312, F28F 924
Patent
active
051179032
DESCRIPTION:
BRIEF SUMMARY
TECHNICAL FIELD
The present invention relates to a multitube heat exchanger having a number of pipes juxtaposed in a tubular housing, and more particularly to a small-size multitube heat exchanger having a small effective heat-exchanging area, the heat exchanger being capable of uniformly distributing and supplying a fluid into the pipes of the heat exchanger.
BACKGROUND ART
There have widely been used multitube heat exchangers having a tubular housing including heads defined by partitions in the opposite sides of the tubular housing. One of the heads has a fluid inlet port and the other head has a fluid outlet port. The housing accommodates a number of pipes juxtaposed between the heads for passing a fluid therethrough. The housing has fluid inlet and outlet holes for passing another fluid around the tubes, so that heat can be exchanged between the fluids through the walls of the tubes. If a multitube heat exchanger of this type is reduced in size for use as a heat exchanger for an artificial lung or the like, for example, the volumes of the heads are relatively large as compared with the effective heat-exchanging area of the heat exchanger. As a result, the speed of flow of the fluid in the pipes is greatly affected by the position of the pipes because of the directivity of the fluid flowing into one of the heads. Particularly, if the inlet port of the head is oriented tangentially to the tubular housing, the fluid produces a swirling motion in the head due to its directivity, thus developing a pressure difference between the central and outer circumferential regions in the head. Therefore, the speed of flow of the fluid flowing in those pipes which are located in the central region largely differs from the speed of flow of the fluid flowing in those pipes which are located in the outer circumferential region, with the result that the temperature in the heat exchanger becomes ununiform. The fluid in the central pipes does not flow, and hence a heat exchange between the fluid in the central pipes and the other fluid flowing around the central pipes is ineffective, and hence the efficiency of the entire heat exchanger is low. It is thus difficult to control the temperature of the other fluid in its entirety. Air bubbles introduced into the inlet port of the head tend to be attracted to the central lowerpressure region in the head. Consequently, these air bubbles are liable not to be discharged out through the pipes, making the temperature in the heat exchanger more uneven.
DISCLOSURE OF THE INVENTION
In view of the aforesaid drawbacks of the conventional multitube heat exchangers, it is an object of the present invention to provide a multitube heat exchanger which can remove air bubbles trapped in the central region in a head with a fluid inlet port and which prevents the speed of flow of a fluid in the pipes from flowing at different speeds depending on the position of the pipes, so that the fluid can uniformly distributed into the pipes to uniformize the temperature in the heat exchanger.
To achieve the above object, there s provided a multitube heat exchanger including a tubular housing having partitions on opposite ends thereof which form heads, respectively, one of the heads having a fluid inlet port and the other head having a fluid outlet port, and a plurality of juxtaposed pipes extending between the heads for passing a fluid therebetween, the housing having fluid inlet and outlet holes for passing another fluid around the pipes, for effecting a heat exchange between the fluids through walls of the pipes, characterized in that the head which has the fluid inlet port accommodates projections for reducing the directivity of the fluid introduced from the fluid inlet port to substantially uniformize the rate of flow of the fluid introduced into the pipes.
The fluid inlet port is open tangentially to the housing.
The projections comprise baffle plates.
The projections comprise a plurality of baffle plates for generating a turbulent flow in the fluid introduced from the fluid inlet port, the baffl
REFERENCES:
patent: 1557838 (1925-10-01), Hiller
patent: 2044455 (1936-06-01), Witzel
patent: 2655346 (1953-10-01), Corbitt et al.
patent: 2715516 (1955-08-01), Reinold et al.
patent: 3315738 (1967-04-01), Jones et al.
patent: 3407875 (1968-10-01), Campbell
patent: 3802496 (1974-04-01), Ris et al.
patent: 4047563 (1977-09-01), Kurata
patent: 4458750 (1984-07-01), Huber
patent: 4857144 (1989-08-01), Casparian
Nogawa Atsuhiko
Oshiyama Hiroaki
Sakai Satoru
Ford John K.
Terumo Kabushiki Kaisha
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