Chemical apparatus and process disinfecting – deodorizing – preser – Physical type apparatus – Means separating or dissolving a material constituent
Patent
1998-03-26
2000-07-18
McKane, Elizabeth
Chemical apparatus and process disinfecting, deodorizing, preser
Physical type apparatus
Means separating or dissolving a material constituent
210634, 210643, 210511, B01D 1104
Patent
active
06090352&
DESCRIPTION:
BRIEF SUMMARY
The invention relates to a multistage three-phase extractor having ports for the supply and removal of first and second dispersed phases and having contact stages arranged one below the other which each comprise interconnected first and second chambers filled with the continuous phase and provided with a dispersing device.
Apparatuses for carrying out processes of three-phase fluid extraction are known in the form of a two-chamber system, wherein the two chambers are connected together at the upper part or comprise a porous partition. The chambers are filled with a continuous phase, through which two dispersed phases, which are not soluble in the continuous phase, are passed in the form of drops. This results in the transfer of substances from one dispersed phase (raffinate phase) via the continuous phase (also known as the liquid membrane phase) into the other dispersed phase (extract phase) (c.f. for example Journal "Theoretische Grundlagen der chemischen Technologie " 1984, Vol. 18; No. 6, pp. 736-738).
These apparatuses are in need of improvement with respect to their performance and their extension to multistage processes.
From a technical point of view, as well as from that of the achievable effect, the three-phase extractor, which consists of a first and second chamber filled with the continuous phase (liquid membrane), is closest to the known apparatuses. The chambers have devices for dispersing the respective phase and are connected together by overflows for circulation of the continuous phase. The overflows take the form of pipes which connect together the upper and lower parts of the chambers. The extractor is provided with ports for the supply and removal of the first and second dispersed phases (Russian patent application no. 94-015776/26 (015406) of 27.04.94).
The phase to be dispersed, i.e. the initial solution, and the solvent (extract phase) are each dispersed into droplets in the appropriate chamber by means of a dispersing device, said droplets moving together through the continuous phase. Owing to the difference in density between the emulsions in the first and second chamber, circulation of the continuous phase occurs through the upper and lower overflows, resulting in transfer of the substance to be extracted from one chamber to the other and from the first phase to be dispersed into the second.
The disadvantage of the known extractor lies in the difficulty in achieving optimum concurrent or counter-current operation of the phases brought into contact, which may have negative consequences for a series of separation processes.
The object of the invention is to increase the efficiency of the multistage three-phase extractor by establishing the conditions for various flow states of the continuous phases.
Starting with the above-described three-phase reactor, this object is achieved according to the invention in that the first chamber of the upper stage is connected with the second chamber of the stage therebelow and in that the first stage is provided with a port for supply of the continuous phase and the last stage is provided with a port for removal thereof.
Connection of the first chamber of the upper stage with the second chamber of the lower stage and the attachment of ports to the first and last stages for supply and removal of the continuous phase permits different flow states to be produced in the extractor, wherein multiphase contact occurs successively between the continuous phase and the first and second dispersed phases.
The upper part of the first chamber is advantageously connected with the lower part of the second chamber of the same stage and the lower part of the first chamber is advantageously connected with the upper part of the second chamber of the stage therebelow.
Alternatively the lower part of the first chamber may also be connected with the upper part of the second chamber of the same stage and the upper part of the first chamber may be connected with the lower part of the second chamber of the stage therebelow.
The connections between the chambers preferably ta
REFERENCES:
patent: 2290980 (1942-07-01), MacLean
Bayer Aktiengesellschaft
McKane Elizabeth
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