Gas and liquid contact apparatus – Contact devices – Injector type
Reexamination Certificate
1999-12-08
2002-09-17
Bushey, C. Scott (Department: 1724)
Gas and liquid contact apparatus
Contact devices
Injector type
C261SDIG007
Reexamination Certificate
active
06450484
ABSTRACT:
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention pertains to the field of jet technology, primarily to liquid-gas ejectors for producing a vacuum.
An ejector is known, which comprises a steam nozzle, a mixing chamber, converging in the flow direction, with a throttle and a diffuser (see, Sokolov E. Y. & Zinger N. M., “Jet Apparatuses”, Moscow, “Energoatomizdat” Publishing house, 1989, pages 94-95).
Ejectors of this type are widely adopted for evacuation of gas-vapor mediums in the condenser units of steam turbines and in steam-ejector refrigeration units.
However the efficiency of these ejectors is relatively low in cases where the evacuated gaseous medium(s) contain a lot of condensable components.
The closest analogue to the multi-nozzle liquid-gas ejector introduced in the invention is a multi-nozzle liquid-gas ejector having liquid nozzles and mixing chambers placed in alignment to each nozzle (see, Sokolov E. Y. & Zinger N. M., “Jet Apparatuses”, Moscow, “Energoatomizdat” Publishing house, 1989, pages 256-257).
Such ejectors are used in power engineering as air-ejector devices of condenser units, in water deaeration vacuum systems, and for vacuumization of various reservoirs. One characteristic of the given ejectors is the fact that the steam contained in an evacuated steam-air mixture is condensed during evacuation and therefore a water-air mixture is compressed in the mixing chamber of the ejector (water is usually used as the liquid motive medium fed into the mentioned ejectors).
However the operational effectiveness of these ejectors is not high enough due to the significant influence, which is exerted on the performance of the liquid-gas ejectors by the distance between the outflow face of ejectors nozzle and the inflow face of ejector's mixing chamber.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
The objective of the present invention is to increase the efficiency factor of a multi-nozzle liquid-gas ejector due to optimization of the distance between the outflow faces of the ejector nozzles and the inflow faces of the ejector mixing chambers.
The stated objective is achieved as follows: in a multi-nozzle liquid-gas ejector having nozzles and mixing chambers placed in alignment to the nozzles, the distance between the outlet section of each nozzle and the inlet section of the appropriate corresponding mixing chamber is determined from the following formula:
L
=
k
2
F
c
3
Pg
F
k
2
γ
4
where L—distance between the outlet section of the nozzle and the inlet section of the appropriate mixing chamber;
k—design factor ranging from 0.001 to 0.3;
F
c
area of the minimal cross-section of the nozzle;
F
k
area of the minimal cross-section of the mixing chamber;
P—liquid pressure at the nozzle—s inlet;
g—acceleration of gravity;
&ggr;—density of the liquid fed into the nozzle.
Experimental research has shown, that the distance between the outflow face of the ejector nozzle and the inflow face of the mixing chamber aligned with this nozzle exerts a significant influence on the effectiveness of evacuation of a gaseous medium by the liquid-gas ejector. The value of this distance depends not only on the liquid pressure at the inlet of each nozzle, but also on the surface areas of the minimal cross-sections of the mixing chamber and the nozzle. Additionally, the range of values of the design factor of proportionality k was determined as a result of the experiments. The k factor can amount from 0.001 to 0.3.
So on the basis of the described formula it is possible to develop multi-nozzle liquid-gas ejectors with various geometries and with various pressures at the nozzles' inlets, which provide the rated performance while at the same time exhibiting an increased efficiency factor.
And what is more, it is possible to develop multi-nozzle liquid-gas ejectors comprising the nozzles with different geometrical parameters, which allows the design of ejectors of any required capacity.
Thus, a multi-nozzle liquid-gas ejector, which is designed with the use of the above mentioned formula obtained on the basis of experimental data analysis, exhibits an increased efficiency factor because it requires minimal energy consumption for the ejection of an evacuated gaseous medium.
REFERENCES:
patent: 2382391 (1945-08-01), Berman
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patent: 5628623 (1997-05-01), Skaggs
patent: 6199834 (2001-03-01), Popov et al.
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patent: 6224042 (2001-05-01), Popov
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patent: 112242 (1958-12-01), None
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patent: 1291729 (1987-02-01), None
patent: 1291730 (1987-02-01), None
patent: WO 99/31392 (1999-06-01), None
Sokolov E.Y. and Zinger N.M., “Jet apparatuses” book, 1989, USSR, Moscow, “Energoatomizdat” Publishing house, pp. 94, 95, 256, 257.
Bushey C. Scott
Oathout Mark A.
Petroukhine Evgueni D.
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