Cleaning compositions for solid surfaces – auxiliary compositions – Cleaning compositions or processes of preparing – For cleaning a specific substrate or removing a specific...
Reexamination Certificate
1999-12-16
2001-09-11
Ogden, Necholus (Department: 1751)
Cleaning compositions for solid surfaces, auxiliary compositions
Cleaning compositions or processes of preparing
For cleaning a specific substrate or removing a specific...
C520S001000, C520S001000, C520S001000, C520S001000, C520S001000
Reexamination Certificate
active
06288015
ABSTRACT:
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
FIELD OF THE INVENTION
This invention relates to multiphase, liquid cleaning compositions containing lignin sulfonate which can be temporarily emulsified by shaking and which may be used for cleaning hard surfaces, more particularly glass, and to a process for cleaning hard surfaces.
DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
The cleaning compositions typically used nowadays for cleaning hard surfaces are generally aqueous preparations in the form of a stable solution or dispersion which contain surfactants, organic solvents and optionally complexing agents for the hardness constituents of water, abrasives and alkalis with a cleaning effect as their key active ingredients. Cleaning compositions intended above all for cleaning glass and ceramic surfaces are often formulated as solutions of the active ingredients in a mixture of water and water-miscible organic solvents, primarily lower alcohols and glycol ethers. Examples of such compositions can be found in DE-OS 22 20 540, in U.S. Pat. Nos. 3,389,234 and 3,882,038 and in European patent applications 344 847 and 393 772.
So far as their practical application is concerned, the cleaning compositions are expected to combine high cleaning performance with simple and convenient application. In most cases, the compositions are expected to develop the required effect after a single application, i.e. in the absence of further measures. Difficulties arise here—above all where the compositions are applied to smooth surfaces, particularly to reflective surfaces, such as glass or ceramic surfaces—out of the fact that compositions which have a favorable cleaning performance generally do not dry without leaving streaks while compositions which dry largely without any visible residues have only a limited cleaning effect. In order to combine an adequate cleaning effect, particularly against fatty soils, with acceptable residue behavior, relatively large quantities of more or less volatile alkalis have to be added to the cleaning compositions in addition to organic solvents. Ammonia and alkanolamines in particular have been used for this purpose. Unfortunately, relatively high concentrations of ammonia or amine—apart from the strong odors they emit—produce a corresponding increase in the pH value of the cleaning solution with the result that relatively sensitive surfaces, for example paint surfaces, are clearly attacked by these cleaning compositions.
In addition, smooth surfaces, particularly reflective surfaces, such as glass or ceramic surfaces, present two particular problems which generally do not come to light immediately after cleaning, but only at a later stage. The first problem is the well-known, but problematical phenomenon of the condensation of water onto the surfaces mentioned, for example in bathrooms during and after showering or bathing, which is referred to hereinafter as the film effect. The second problem is the phenomenon as well-known as it is unwelcome—although unavoidable in the long term—that, after the cleaning of a reflective surface exposed to the weather, such as window glass, a shower of rain destroys the cleaning result through the rain marks it leaves behind, which is referred to hereinafter as the rain effect.
Accordingly, there is still a need for cleaning compositions which have a high cleaning performance without any of the disadvantages mentioned above.
DE-OS 39 10 170 describes mouth-wash compositions for desorbing bacteria from hard surfaces and living tissue which are present in the form of a two-phase preparation and which can be converted by shaking into a temporary oil-in-water emulsion, the aqueous phase making up about 50 to 97% by weight and the water-immiscible oil phase about 3 to 50% by weight. Crucial to the invention is the presence of about 0.003 to 2% by weight of an amphiphilic cationic agent, for example a cationic surfactant, in a quantity which allows the formation of the oil-in-water emulsion, this emulsion collapsing and separating about 10 seconds to 30 minutes after its formation. Anionic surfactants impair the antibacterial action. Other surfactants are not mentioned.
European patent application 0 195 336 describes in two embodiments (1) and (2) compositions emulsifiable by shaking for the care of sensitive surfaces, more particularly (1) plastic surfaces and (2) compact discs, which—besides an aqueous phase—contain an organic phase consisting of the chlorofluorocarbon (CFC) 1,1,2-trichloro-1,2,2-trifluoroethane. In addition, the compositions are wax-free and contain in the aqueous phase (1) at least one surfactant and a water-soluble liquid silicone oil and (2) the triethanolamine salt of a C
10-12
alkyl sulfuric acid semiester. The stability of the emulsion that can be formed by shaking is not discussed. In order to guarantee emulsifiability, the surfactant content is normally between 1 and 10% by weight, preferably between 2 and 8% by weight and, if necessary, even above 10% by weight, anionic surfactants—particularly those containing a sulfate or sulfonate group—being preferred. However, the use of CFCs should be reduced or, better still, avoided altogether in view of their environmentally harmful properties, particularly in connection with the ozone hole.
DE-OSS 195 01 184, 195 01 187 and 195 01 188 (Henkel KGaA) relate to hair treatment compositions in the form of a two-phase system containing an oil phase and a water phase, the oil phase preferably being based on silicone oil and being mixable in a short time by mechanical action.
WO 96/04358 A1 (Procter & Gamble) describes cleaning compositions which are capable of cleaning glass without leaving behind any troublesome stains and/or films and which contain an effective quantity of a substantive polymer containing hydrophilic groups which provides the glass with relatively high and long-lasting hydrophilia, so that, the next three times at least the glass is wetted, for example by rain, the water drains from the glass surface and few stains are left behind after drying. Substantive polymers are, in particular, polycarboxylates, such as poly(vinyl pyrrolidone-co-acrylic acid), but also poly(styrene sulfonate), cationic sugar and starch derivatives and block copolymers of ethylene oxide and propylene oxide, the latter polyethers in particular having relatively little substantivity.
Accordingly, the problem addressed by the present invention was to provide high-performance, storage-stable and easy-to-handle compositions for cleaning hard surfaces which would show separate phases, which could be converted into an emulsion for application, which would remain homogeneous during application and would then revert to separate phases and which, after application to the hard surface, would counteract the rain effect and the film effect, i.e. would develop an anti-rain effect and an anti-film effect.
In a first embodiment, the present invention relates to a liquid multiphase cleaning composition with at least two continuous phases which contains at least one aqueous phase I and a non-aqueous liquid phase II immiscible with this aqueous phase, which can be temporarily converted into an emulsion by shaking and which contains at least one lignin sulfonate.
In the context of the present invention, the expression immiscible non-aqueous phase means a phase not based on water as solvent, although small quantities, based on non-aqueous phase II, of water of up to 10% by weight and normally not more than 5% by weight may be dissolved in the non-aqueous phase II.
In the most simple case, a composition according to the invention comprises a continuous aqueous phase consisting of the entire phase I and a continuous non-aqueous liquid phase consisting of the entire phase II. However, one or more continuous phases of a composition according to the invention may also contain parts of another phase in emulsified form, so that in a composition such as this part of phase I for example is present as continuous phase I, which represents the continuous aqueous phase of the composition, while another part is emulsified as discontinuous phase I
Kuech Stefanie
Moeller Thomas
Noglich Juergen
Soldanski Heinz-Dieter
Henkel Kommanditgesellschaft auf Aktien
Jaeschke Wayne C.
Murphy Glenn E. J.
Ogden Necholus
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