Multifunctional textile auxiliary formulations

Details Multifunctional textile auxiliary formulations Multifunctional textile auxiliary formulations

1997-08-08

2001-03-13

Hardee, John (Department: 1751)

Cleaning compositions for solid surfaces, auxiliary compositions

Cleaning compositions or processes of preparing

Liquid composition

Reexamination Certificate

active

06200948

ABSTRACT:

The present invention relates to storage-stable, low-foaming, silicone-free aqueous textile auxiliary formulations, to their preparation and to the versatile use thereof as wetting agents, detergents, dispersants or as stabilisers in peroxide bleaching liquors.
The novel textile auxiliary formulations comprise
(a) 10 to 60% by weight of a nonionic surfactant of formula
(b) 10 to 60% by weight of the reaction product of one or more than one nonionic surfactant of formula
 and an ethylenically unsaturated sulfonic acid or carboxylic acid or the anhydride thereof,
(c) 4 to 20% by weight of a hydrotropic agent,
(d) 0 to 20% by weight of a nonionic surfactant of formula
(e) 0 to 8% by weight of a magnesium salt of an organic carboxylic acid,
(f) 0 to 30% by weight of a chelating agent or sequestrant,
(g) 0 to 10% by weight of a diol or polyol, and
(h) 0 to 60% of water,
with the proviso that said textile auxiliary formulations must always comprise one of components (e) to (g),
in which formulae (1), (2) and (3) above
R
1
and R
2
are each independently of the other C
8
-C
22
alkyl or C
8
-C
22
alkenyl,
R
3
is hydrogen, C
1
-C
4
alkyl, a cycloaliphatic radical comprising at least 6 carbon atoms or benzyl,
R
4
is C
9
-C
14
alkyl,
R
5
is C
1
-C
8
alkyl, a cycloaliphatic radical comprising at least 5 carbon atoms, lower alkylphenyl or styryl
Y
1
, Y
2
, Y
3
and Y
4
are each independently of one another hydrogen, methyl or ethyl, with the proviso that one of Y
1
, Y
2
, Y
3
and Y
4
must always be hydrogen,
“Alkylene” denotes an alkylene radical comprising 2 to 4 carbon atoms,
m
1
is an integer from 1 to 40,
n
1
is an integer from 1 to 60,
p
1
is an integer from 4 to 10, and
p
2
is an integer from 0 to 8.
Components (a) to (g) may each consist of individual compounds or, alternatively, of several individual compounds.
Owing to their extremely low foaming tendency and to the good inhibition of process foam, the addition of further antifoaming agents, especially silicone-containing compounds, to the novel textile auxiliary formulations can be dispensed with.
The substituents R
1
and R
2
in formulae (1) and (2) are each preferably the hydrocarbon radical of a saturated or an unsaturated aliphatic monoalcohol of 8 to 22 carbon atoms. The hydrocarbon radical may be straight-chain or branched. Preferably R
1
and R
2
are each an alkyl or alkenyl radical of 9 to 14 carbon atoms.
Aliphatic saturated monoalcohols may suitably be natural alcohols, typically including lauryl alcohol, myristyl alcohol, cetyl alcohol or stearyl alcohol, as well as synthetic alcohols such as 2-ethylhexanol, 1,1,3,3-tetramethylbutanol, octan-2-ol, isononyl alcohol, trimethylhexanol, trimethylnonyl alcohol, decanol, C
9
-C
11
oxoalcohol, tridecyl alcohol, isotridecanol or linear primary alcohols (Alfols) of 8 to 22 carbon atoms. Some typical representatives of these Alfols are Alfol (8-10), Alfol (9-11), Alfol (10-14), Alfol (12-13) or Alfol (16-18). (“Alfol” is a registered trademark).
Unsaturated aliphatic monoalcohols are typically dodecenyl alcohol, hexadecenyl alcohol or oleyl alcohol.
The alcohol radicals may be single or in the form of mixtures of two or more components, typically as mixtures of alkyl and/or alkenyl groups which are derived from soybean fatty acids, palm nut fatty acids or tallow oils.
(Alkylene-O) chains are preferably divalent radicals of formulae &Parenopenst;CH
2
—CH
2
—O&Parenclosest;,
R
4
is the straight-chain hydrocarbon radical of a satuated aliphatic monoalcohol of 8 to 14 carbon atoms, typically n-octyl, n-nonyl, n-decyl, n-undecyl, n-dodecyl, n-tridecyl or n-tetradecyl.
R
5
in formula (3) defined as C
1
-C
8
alkyl is methyl, ethyl, n-propyl, isopropyl, n-butyl, sec-butyl or tert-butyl. Preferably R
5
is n-butyl.
Illustrative examples of a cycloaliphatic radical are cycloheptyl, cyclooctyl or, preferably, cyclohexyl.
Illustrative examples of nonionic surfactants suitable as component (a) are the polyadducts of 2 to 60 mol, preferably of 4 to 10 mol, of an alkylene oxide, in particular ethylene oxide, individual ethylene oxide units of which may be replaced by substituted epoxides such as propylene oxide and/or 1,2-butylene oxide, with higher unsaturated or saturated fatty alcohols of 8 to 22 carbon atoms, or mixtures of these compounds.
The preferred nonionic surfactant of component (a) is one or more than one compound of formula
wherein
R
6
is C
8
-C
13
alkyl;
Y
5
is hydrogen or methyl; and
m
2
is 3 to 15.
Suitable starting monomers for the preparation of the polymers of component (b) are ethylenically unsaturated monomeric sulfonic acids or carboxylic acids or anhydrides thereof. Monocarboxylic acids and also dicarboxylic acids and anhydrides thereof as well as sulfonic acids may suitably be used, each of which contains an ethylenically unsaturated aliphatic radical and preferably not more than 7 carbon atoms. Monocarboxylic acids of 3 to 5 carbon atoms are preferred, e.g. acrylic acid, methacrylic acid, &agr;-haloacrylic acid, 2-hydroxyethylacrylic acid, &agr;-cyanoacrylic acid, crotonic acid and vinylacetic acid. Ethylenically unsaturated dicarboxylic acids are preferably fumaric acid, maleic acid or itaconic acid, and also mesaconic acid, citraconic acid, glutaconic acid and methylmalonic acid. The preferred anhydride of these acids is maleic anhydride.
Suitable monomeric sulfonic acids used for the polymerisation are typically vinylsulfonic acid or 2-acrylamido-2-methylpropanesulfonic acid.
The catalyst used for the preparation of component (b) is preferably an initiator that forms free radials. Illustrative examples of suitable initiators for carrying out the radical polymerisation are symmetrical aliphatic azo compounds such as azobis(isobutyronitrile), azobis(2-methylvaleronitrile), 1,1′-azobis(1-cyclohexanitrile) and alkyl 2,2′-azobis(isobutyrate); symmetrical diacyl peroxides such as acetyl peroxide, propionyl peroxide or butyryl peroxide, benzoyl peroxide, bromine-, nitro-, methyl- or methoxy-substituted benzoyl peroxides as well as lauroyl peroxide; symmetrical peroxydicarbonates such as diethyl, diisopropyl, dicyclohexyl as well as dibenzyl peroxydicarbonate; tert-butylperoctoate, tert-butylperbenzoate or tert-butylphenyl peracetate as well as peroxydicarbamates such as tert-butyl-N-(phenylperoxy)carbamate or tert-butyl-N-(2,3-dichloro- or -4-chlorophenylperoxy)carbamate. Further suitable peroxides are: tert-butyl hydroperoxide, di-tert-butylperoxide, cumene hydroperoxide, dicumene peroxide and tert-butylperpivalate. A further suitable compound is potassium persulfate, which is preferably used for the preparation of component (b).
The catalyst will normally be used in a amount of 0.1 to 10% by weight, preferably of 0.5 to 2% by weight, based on the starting materials.
Component (b) is preferably in the form of a partially neutralised compound that has a pH of 3-6. The preparation of the polymer typically comprises reacting an ethylenically unsaturated sulfonic acid or carboxylic acid or an anhydride thereof in the presence of a nonionic surfactant or in the presence of a mixture of nonionic surfactants of formula (2).
The reaction product is subsequently partially neutralised to pH 3-6, preferably 4-5, with an inorganic and/or organic base. Suitable bases are typically 1-8% by weight inorganic and/or organic bases such as sodium hydroxide, magnesium hydroxide, ethanolamine, triethanolamine, N,N,N,N-tetrakis(2-hydroxypropyl)ethylenamine or 1-amino-1-deoxysorbitol or mixtures thereof. Water is added to make up 100% by weight.
The polymerisation is conveniently carried out in an inert atmosphere, e.g. in the presence of nitrogen.
Component (b) is preferably the reaction product of 45 to 5% by weight of acrylic acid or methacrylic acid and 5 to 45% by weight of one or more than one nonionic surfactant of formula
wherein
R
7
is C
8
-C
18
alkyl;
Y
6
is hydrogen, methyl or ethyl; and
n
2
is 1 to 40.
The hydrotropic agent of component (c) is suitably selected from:
aromatic alcohols of formula
wherein
X
1
is —(CH
2
)
1-6
—, —CH&box

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