Cleaning compositions for solid surfaces – auxiliary compositions – Cleaning compositions or processes of preparing – Inorganic silicon containing component
Patent
1996-10-10
1998-09-29
Howard, Jacqueline V.
Cleaning compositions for solid surfaces, auxiliary compositions
Cleaning compositions or processes of preparing
Inorganic silicon containing component
510276, 510452, 510457, 510531, C11D 308
Patent
active
058145974
DESCRIPTION:
BRIEF SUMMARY
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
Field of the Invention
This invention relates to solid useful materials and mixtures of solid useful materials based on water-soluble alkali metal silicate compounds which are also known in the specialist literature as waterglasses. This term encompasses the soluble silicates of the alkali metals, more particularly corresponding sodium and/or potassium compounds, which correspond in oxide notation to the composition xSiO.sub.2 .cndot.yM.sub.2 O.cndot.zH.sub.2 O (M=alkali metal). The ratio of x to y is termed the modulus. Water-soluble alkali metal silicate compounds of the type with which the invention is concerned have modulus values of about 0.8 to 4.
Waterglasses of the type in question are used for various practical applications. Examples of such applications include adhesives for paper and cardboard; binders for the production of refractory cements, in the enamel industry and building materials industry and as a core binder in the foundry industry; corrosion inhibitors, more particularly for inhibiting the corrosive effect of alkalis on aluminium and zinc; liquefiers for reducing the viscosity of ceramic slips; stabilizers in the peroxide bleaching of paper and textiles; binders for soil and rock stabilization in housebuilding, tunneling and mining and in the humusless grassing of dunes and garbage dumps or even flocculating agents in the conditioning of water. One of the most important applications of waterglasses is their use as components in detergents where they are expected to form various functions which will be discussed in more detail hereinafter.
This brief list of technical applications for waterglasses makes the following basic requirements clear: the waterglasses should be available in the form of a dry, storable and transportable form, but should be easy to dissolve for practical application. In numerous applications, rapid solubility in cold water plays a crucial role. The problem addressed by the present invention is based inter alia on this fundamental requirement. The invention provides a new technical teaching as to how aqueous waterglass solutions of the described type can be inexpensively worked up on an industrial scale into dry products with adequate apparent densities which are nevertheless distinguished by excellent and spontaneous solubility in water, even cold water.
For many applications of this new formulation, this is in itself a significant advance. The teaching according to the present invention goes further than this. In preferred embodiments, it describes waterglass-based useful materials and mixtures of useful materials from the field of detergents, more particularly laundry detergents.
Detergents of the type in question, more particularly corresponding solid concentrates, contain so-called builders or builder systems together with washing-active surfactant compounds as principal components in addition to other typical auxiliaries and additives. In detergents, builders or builder systems perform a number of functions which have changed considerably with the constant changes in the composition, formulation and production of detergents over recent years and decades. Modern detergents now contain around 20 to 50% by weight of builders. Accordingly, builders are among the most important substances for the production of detergents.
In view of this diversity and evolution of detergent systems, builders have to perform many functions which have never been completely or quantitatively defined. However, the main requirements are well documented and include, above all, softening water, enhancing detergency, inhibiting redeposition and dispersing soil. Builders are intended to contribute towards the alkalinity required for the washing process, to show a high absorption capacity for surfactants, to improve the effectiveness of surfactants, to make positive contributions to the properties of solid products, for example in powder form, and hence to have a structure-building effect or even to ease dust emission problems. These various requirements can
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Beck Wilhelm
Fues Johann F.
Hlavacek Wolfgang
Paatz Kathleen
Raehse Wilfried
Grandmaison Real J.
Henkel Kommanditgesellschaft auf Aktien
Howard Jacqueline V.
Jaeschke Wayne C.
Szoke Ernest G.
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