Communications: radio wave antennas – Antennas – Spiral or helical type
Reexamination Certificate
2000-12-21
2002-12-31
Wimer, Michael C. (Department: 2821)
Communications: radio wave antennas
Antennas
Spiral or helical type
Reexamination Certificate
active
06501438
ABSTRACT:
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
Field of the Invention
The invention relates to an antenna, in particular a helical antenna, and to a method for producing such an antenna.
In mobile radiocommunication devices, the form, that is to say the external appearance, plays a major role in the configuration of antennas. Furthermore, modern mobile radiocommunication devices should be usable not only in one mobile radiocommumication network, that is to say in one frequency band, but in a number of frequency bands.
So-called multiband antennas are therefore required, which can be used in two or more frequency bands. In this case the requirements with respect to performance and the appearance or shape of the antenna should be achievable in a simple and cost-effective manner.
Currently, multiband antenna systems are used which include a number of individual antennas, for example cylindrically symmetrical helical wire structures or planar antennas, for example so-called printed circuit boards (PCBs). To improve the appearance or form, it is possible to fit these conventional solutions in a housing which does not correspond to the basic shape of the antenna, that is to say, for example, an antenna housing having an elliptical cross section can be chosen instead of a cylindrically symmetrical cross section. However, a relatively large amount of space is then required for the entire antenna system, so that the requirement with respect to appearance, form and minimum possible equipment dimensions is not satisfied, or the desired appearance, form or shape cannot be implemented.
SUMMARY OF INVENTION
It is accordingly an object of the invention to provide an antenna configuration which overcomes the above-mentioned disadvantages of the heretofore-known antenna configurations of this general type and which, firstly, can be produced in a simple and cost-effective manner and, secondly, allows to freely shape the external appearance or form of the antenna. In particular, the antenna configuration should allow a simple way of upgrading or expansion to a multiband antenna. It is a further object of the invention to provide a method of producing such an antenna.
With the foregoing and other objects in view there is provided, in accordance with the invention, an antenna configuration, including:
an antenna having first convex-curved antenna elements, second convex-curved antenna elements, and webs;
the first convex-curved antenna elements having a first curvature, the second convex-curved antenna elements having a second curvature, the first and second convex-curved antenna elements being disposed in an alternating pattern such that the first curvature and the second curvature are curved in opposite directions;
the first and second convex-curved antenna elements having respective adjacent ends; and
the antenna defining a longitudinal direction, the webs extending in the longitudinal direction and connecting the respective adjacent ends of the first and second convex-curved antenna elements such that the first and second convex-curved antenna elements are connected in series without overlapping one another in the longitudinal direction and such that the first and second convex-curved antenna elements form a helical configuration.
In other words, the antenna according to the invention forms a helical basic structure which can be produced particularly cost-effectively simply by stamping and bending a metal or sheet-metal part. To this end, the antenna includes convexcurved and strip-shaped antenna elements, which are connected in series via webs extending in the longitudinal direction of the antenna and are provided such that they model the form of a helix. In this way, the basic structure of a helix is modified such that the antenna has only elements which —seen in the longitudinal plane of the antenna —do not overlap, so that the helix structure can be produced by a simple stamping process.
The structure of the antenna according to the invention is not necessarily cylindrically symmetrical and, furthermore, need not necessarily contain planar configurations. The curved strip antenna elements can, in fact, be shaped as desired within wide limits. Thus a high level of configurational freedom for the shape of the external appearance or form is provided. Also, a structure, which conforms to the desired appearance or shape can be formed more easily, such that, for example, the structure has a cross section which is not cylindrically symmetrical.
The standard technology of stamping and bending from metal or sheet-metal parts required to produce the antenna according to the invention allows extremely high manufacturing rates and thus low production costs. p Furthermore, the antenna contact spring, which produces the electrical contact between the antenna and the electronics of the equipment to be operated with the antenna, can be produced integrally with the actual antenna basic structure from a single stamped and bent part, which is particularly cost-effective, since the antenna contact spring can be produced together with the antenna basic structure during the same production step.
The helical basic structure of the antenna according to the invention described above can easily be upgraded to form a dual-band, triple-band, or generally multiband antenna. To do this, a further, parasitic antenna element in the form of an elongated web just has to be added to the helical basic structure with the series-connected convex-curved antenna elements. The web runs parallel to the helix and is likewise provided such that the individual elements of the antenna do not overlap at any point, viewed in the longitudinal plane of the antenna, so that this parasitic antenna element can also be manufactured together with the helical basic structure from the same stamped and bent part. The parasitic and web-like antenna element is not just connected in parallel with the helical basic structure, that is to say connected to the basic structure at the lower end, but, in particular, is provided close to this helical basic structure so as to provide a considerable level of electromagnetic coupling between the individual antenna elements and, secondly, such that the physical volume of the antenna is minimal.
This antenna construction allows to utilize the distributed inductance elements or partial inductances and capacitances of the individual antenna elements in such a way that the antenna, which thus includes a parallel circuit and a series circuit of preferably elliptically curved half-rings and straight webs, can be operated in a number of frequency bands. Furthermore, no additional matching circuit is required to set up the antenna.
According to another feature of the invention, the first and second convex-curved antenna elements are strip-shaped antenna elements; and the first and second convex-curved antenna elements are disposed parallel to one another.
According to yet another feature of the invention, the webs are straight webs.
According to another feature of the invention, the first curvature of the first antenna elements has a first radius of curvature and the second curvature of the second antenna elements has a second radius of curvature, the first radius of curvature being substantially identical to the second radius of curvature.
According to a further feature of the invention, the first and second convex-curved antenna elements are elliptically curved antenna elements.
According to another feature of the invention, the antenna includes a third antenna element extending in the longitudinal direction and essentially parallel to the helical configuration formed by the first and second convex-curved antenna elements; and the third antenna element is spaced from the helical configuration by a given distance such that the first and second convex-curved antenna elements and the third antenna element are electromagnetically coupled to one another.
According to yet another feature of the invention, the antenna has a lower longitudinal end region; and a lowermost one of the first and second antenna elements, as seen in the longitudina
Nevermann Peter
Pan Sheng-gen
Greenberg Laurence A.
Locher Ralph E.
Stemer Werner H.
Wimer Michael C.
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