Animal husbandry – Entomological culture device – Egg treatment – production – or storage
Patent
1989-07-12
1991-10-08
Swiatek, Robert P.
Animal husbandry
Entomological culture device
Egg treatment, production, or storage
2611212, 261123, A01K 6304
Patent
active
050544225
DESCRIPTION:
BRIEF SUMMARY
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
1. Field of the Invention
The present invention achieves the development of a method of mass culture of various aquatic organisms. The present invention also relates to a method of culturing aerobic or anaerobic organisms, as well as chemosynthetic bacteria, in a large scale by supplying and accumulating air, oxygen, nitrogen or any other desired gases, in a desired amount and at a desired location, in a culture system. Thus, the present invention relates to a method of mass culture of fish, shellfish, animal cells, plant cells or microorganisms for application in biotechnology.
2. Description of the Prior Art
In conventional methods for culturing aquatic organisms, such as fish, violent aeration, using water-wheel-like machines or aerators, is applied so as to dissolve atmospheric oxygen into relatively shallow cultivation tanks or ponds. If deeper tanks or ponds are introduced for the purpose of mass culture, the oxygen concentration in the water tends to be insufficient for the growth of the organisms, which results in lower production efficiency. However, the use of shallow and large tanks or ponds decreases land utility efficiency and also aggravates the difficulty in collecting and removing feed debris and excretions, which sometimes results in environmental deterioration of the tanks and ponds. Furthermore, in conventional methods for culturing plant or animal cells or microorganisms on a large scale, the cells or microorganisms in the culture tanks are vitally damaged by aeration devices, such as water-wheel-like machines rotating violently to supply atmospheric oxygen into water.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
The present invention has achieved the development of a method for culturing various aquatic organisms in water with sufficient oxygen supply by placing several tray-like shallow vats upside down horizontally at intervals in water in a culture tank so as to provide air spaces partitioned in mid water. Atmospheric air or oxygen introduced in each air space, for example, thus raises the oxygen concentration in the water under the spaces.
The present invention relates to providing multiple layers of desired gases in water, which are useful in helping the reserved, or stored gases to dissolve in water. Furthermore, by placing the vats upside down and horizontally to reserve gas, each surface of the partition of the vats functions as a culture bed or shelf having a very near gaseous phase.
By using a tube provided in each vat which functions as an air escape hole and supplying gas via an air supplying pipe, the present invention achieves the control of gas phases in water.
The scientific background of the present invention pertains to the relation between physical phenomenon of gas-liquid and biological respiration of aquatic organisms. As more air contacts with culture water having such organisms, more oxygen will dissolve in the water, and more carbon dioxide will be released from the water. The present invention provides many chances for the physical phenomenon of forming multiple air layers. Being supplied by an air supplying pipe, the air layers provide a plurality of artificial surfaces of water in addition to the natural surface of water in the culture tank.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
FIG. 1 is a schematic front view of upside down stacked vats according to a first embodiment of the device;
FIG. 2 is a more detailed view of tray-like shallow vats according to a second embodiment of the device; and
FIG. 3 is a schematic, front view of another embodiment of the device.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS
FIG. 1 is, as noted above, a front view of upside down stacked vats, wherein reference characters A, B and C correspond to a gas phase, a bottom of the container, and a partition, respectively. Furthermore, gas supplying tubes may also be equipped to replace air by any desired gases. Referring to FIG. 2, one or more of tray-like shallow vats (1) are placed upside down, mid water, in a culture tank (2). The vats are stacked, with a support
REFERENCES:
patent: 362234 (1887-05-01), Stauber
patent: 2824728 (1958-02-01), Crawford
Nojima Hisatake
Nojima Youko
Swiatek Robert P.
Yuugen-Kaisha Parasight
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