Chairs and seats – Bottom or back – Cushioned
Patent
1996-12-30
1998-03-03
Nelson, Jr., Milton
Chairs and seats
Bottom or back
Cushioned
2972161, 297DIG1, A47C 702
Patent
active
057227292
DESCRIPTION:
BRIEF SUMMARY
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
1. Field of the Invention
The present invention relates generally to high impact seating, specifically, seating that is associated with a moving device, i.e. boat, tractor, etc. and the ability to reduce impact on the human body, within the space and cost constraints of existing seat configurations.
2. Description of Prior Art
The shape and size of the human frame present a sizable challenge when trying to fit this into a uniform product. Much of the existing seating is no more than a cushion constructed of a single piece of medium density foam rubber with an internal lateral displacement of 20 to 30. More elaborate seats have added mechanical equipment to enhance the impact reduction attributes. Most of these remove the impact by use of devices such as an oil or air filled type shock absorbers. The mechanical devices accomplish this by a series of hinges and levers attached to the shock absorber mounted under the cushion area of the seat. This allows the impact of the vertical thrust to be transferred to the occupant over a longer period of time, thus reducing the force. The shock absorber also takes the bounce out of the recoil when returning to the original position. This point is critical; not only is it necessary to extend the duration of the impact but also the return from the impact as to not eject the occupant from his seat.
A short-coming of the current available high impact seating is that the mechanical devices require substantial space under the cushion area of the seat.
Another short-coming of the prior art is that the mechanical devices require maintenance.
Another short-coming is that the mounting of these devices is not adaptable for tractors, cars, trucks and boats, and that these devices are too large and heavy for aircraft.
A final short-coming of the prior art is the high cost associated with both purchase and installation.
OBJECTS
Accordingly, several objects of my invention are reduction of force transmitted to the human structure, volumetric space reduction, weight and cost. When a human being is sitting in a moving device such as a boat, plane, tractor, car, etc., there are a variety of forces at work. The primary purpose of this invention is to greatly reduce the force from vertical impact or thrust. Vertical impact is oriented to the human structure whereas the force from centrifugal energy within a moving device (i.e. aircraft, boat, car, etc.) can be horizontal to a gravitational point of reference but still transmit energy through the longitudinal direction of the occupant. This impact causes the greatest injury and/or discomfort, due to the structure of the human body, primarily between the head and the pelvic area, there is a great deal of lateral flexibility. It can not however, be compressed, due to the spinal structure which is nothing more than a stacking of relatively non-compressible bones and cartilage. The organs in the lower abdominal area are also susceptible to damage or injury as a result of sudden and repetitive impact(s). To remove the impact from a vertical motion one must deal with this energy as a function of time. Force equals mass of the human times the acceleration of the vertical lift (F=MA) and acceleration is equal to velocity or speed over time (A=V/T). Thus if the time is extended the acceleration is decreased and finally the force is reduced. (F=M(V/T))
By the use of several densities of foam rubber materials in a precise manner a cushion can be constructed that will take both the shape of the human structure as well as reduce the force due to sudden vertical impact. In the preferred embodiment, this is accomplished by starting with a low density foam in the range of 1.05 to 1.08 with an internal lateral displacement of 18 to 80, that forms to the immediate surface area of the human structure, primarily the buttocks. This is then laminated to a higher density foam in the 1.25 range with an internal lateral displacement of 30 to 36, that spreads the force laterally as well as vertically, taking full advantage of the int
REFERENCES:
patent: 2543218 (1951-02-01), Young et al.
patent: 3833259 (1974-09-01), Pershing
patent: 3939508 (1976-02-01), Hall et al.
Caplan Julian
Jr. Milton Nelson
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