Stock material or miscellaneous articles – Web or sheet containing structurally defined element or... – Composite having voids in a component
Patent
1995-10-06
1998-12-29
Bell, James J.
Stock material or miscellaneous articles
Web or sheet containing structurally defined element or...
Composite having voids in a component
1563096, 156311, 427214, 427217, 4283139, 4283177, 430947, 502242, 502309, 502439, B01J 3502, B01J 2106, B01J 2300, C04B 4185
Patent
active
058538666
DESCRIPTION:
BRIEF SUMMARY
TECHNICAL FIELD
The present invention relates to a multi-functional material capable of performing various functions including a deodorizing function, an antibacterial function, a bactericidal function, and a stain-resistant function, and a method of manufacturing such a multi-functional material.
BACKGROUND ART
TiO.sub.2, V.sub.2 O.sub.5, ZnO, WO.sub.3, etc. have heretofore been known as substances which, when irradiated by ultraviolet radiation, cause oxygen molecules to be adsorbed to or desorbed from an organic compound such as a smelly constituent for promoting decomposition (oxidation) of the organic compound. Since particles of TiO.sub.2 whose crystallized form is anatase, in particular, are highly effective for use as a photocatalyst, it has been proposed to form a photocatalytic layer of TiO.sub.2 particles on the surface of walls, tiles, glass (mirror), circulatory filter units, or sanitary ware.
Known processes of depositing such a photocatalytic layer of TiO.sub.2 particles directly on the surface of a base of plastic, ceramic, or resin include the CVD process, the sputtering process, and the electron beam evaporation process.
However, the CVD process, the sputtering process, and the electron beam evaporation process require large-scale equipment, and result in a high manufacturing cost due to a poor yield.
According to other known processes of forming a photocatalytic layer, photocatalytic particles are kneaded with a binder and coated on the surface of a base by spray coating or dip coating, and thereafter heated (see Japanese laid-open patent publication No. 5-201747).
For photocatalytic particles such as TiO.sub.2 particles to function effectively as a photocatalyst, it is necessary that the photocatalytic particles be irradiated with ultraviolet radiation and held in contact with a substance to be decomposed thereby such as a smelly gas or the like. Kneading photocatalytic particles with a binder and coating them on the surface of a base as disclosed in Japanese laid-open patent publication No. 5-201747 tends to embed many photocatalytic particles in the binder layer, so that no ultraviolet radiation will reach and no smelly gas or the like will contact those photocatalytic particles, which thus will fail to perform a sufficient photocatalytic function.
Another known process of forming a photocatalytic layer is an alkoxide process disclosed in Japanese laid-open utility model publication No. 5-7394. According to the disclosed process, a photocatalytic layer is formed by coating a base of glass with a titanium alkoxide, drying the coated titanium alkoxide, and thereafter firing the titanium alkoxide at 100.degree. C. An organic material in water is decomposed when an ultraviolet radiation is applied to the photocatalytic layer.
The alkoxide process is excellent in that it can form a thin film at a relatively low temperature, and is effective where a substance such as Pyrex glass or quartz glass which is not softened at temperatures up to about 500.degree. C. is used as the material of the base. If a substance such as soda glass having a low melting point is used as the material of a base, then the base is softened already at a temperature at which a thin film is formed, and a formed thin photocatalytic film is embedded in the base, with the result that no light will reach the photocatalytic layer, which will fail to perform photocatalytic functions.
According to Japanese laid-open patent publication No. 1-288321, a TiO.sub.2 sol is sprayed over ceramic paper of a fibrous material and thereafter heated at a temperature ranging from 400.degree.to 700.degree. C., and thereafter an SnO.sub.2 sol is sprayed and heated at a temperature ranging from 400.degree.to 700.degree. C., thus forming a photocatalytic film capable of oxidizing and decomposing aldehydes.
In the process disclosed in Japanese laid-open patent publication No. 1-288321, the entire surface of the film is covered with SnO.sub.2 which is less active than TiO.sub.2, and attempts to increase the strength of the film are liable to
REFERENCES:
patent: 5137607 (1992-08-01), Anderson et al.
patent: 5183656 (1993-02-01), Uesaka et al.
patent: 5244811 (1993-09-01), Matthews
Chikuni Makoto
Hayakawa Makoto
Kimura Tamon
Kitamura Atsushi
Kojima Eiichi
Bell James J.
Blackman William D.
Carrier Joseph P.
Copenheaver Blame R.
Toto Ltd.
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