Multi-functional gasoline detergent compositions

Details Multi-functional gasoline detergent compositions Multi-functional gasoline detergent compositions

1994-11-29

1996-05-21

Howard, Jacqueline

Fuel and related compositions

Liquid fuels

Heterocyclic carbon compound containing a hetero ring having...

44445, C10L 118, C10L 122

Patent

active

055185118

DESCRIPTION:

BRIEF SUMMARY
FIELD OF INVENTION

This invention relates to multi-functional detergent-containing additive compositions for hydrocarbon fuels, more especially gasoline. More especially, the invention relates to alkenylsuccinimide-based detergent compositions for hydrocarbon fuels and especially gasoline.


BACKGROUND AND PRIOR ART

Multi-functional detergent-containing additive compositions for gasoline have to satisfy a large number of criteria, amongst the most important of which are: engine; high molecular weight detergents; engines.
Amongst the most effective ashless detergents for lubricating oils and fuel compositions for internal combustion engines, both spark ignition and compression ignition, are alkyl or alkenyl substituted succinimides of the formula I: ##STR1## where R.sub.1 is an alkyl or alkenyl group, especially a long chain polyalkenyl group, e.g. polyisobutenyl, and D is the residue of a polyalkylenepolyamine, and an immense amount of prior art is available describing the manufacture and use of these compounds as detergents for fuels and lubricating oils. The following prior art is merely a representative selection of the total prior art available in this field and covers what the present applicant believes to be the art closest to the present invention.
First of all, brief reference is made to the following patent specifications, which illustrate various routes available for the preparation of the alkenyl substituted succinimides used in the present invention, and which serve to illustrate various principles involved and which need to be taken into account when considering what is meant by an "alkyl or alkenyl-substituted succinimide detergent". The first and foremost of these is that by the very nature of the methods used in the preparation of these compounds, i.e. the initial alkylation step involving (in most cases, but not all) the reaction of a polyolefin with maleic anhydride, or the subsequent condensation reaction between the resulting alkyl or alkenyl substituted succinic anhydride and a polyamine to produce the succinimide, the products produced in each step will usually be a mixture of compounds, and will usually be used as such, either in the subsequent reaction with the polyamine or as the product detergent, i.e. without any form of purification. In other words, where, as above, reference is made to an alkyl or alkenyl-substituted succinimide detergent of formula I, that detergent will usually (unless specific steps have been taken to produce a pure compound) be a complex mixture of compounds approximating to that formula and including in particular some bis-condensates of the formula II: ##STR2## depending on the mole ratio of anhydride to amine used in the condensation reaction.
That having been said, there are two main routes for the preparation of alkyl or alkenyl-substituted succinimide gasoline detergents: the thermal route and the chlorination route. These are described inter alia in U.S. Pat. Nos. 3,018,250 and 3,361,673, UK Patent 949,981 and EP-A-0355895. An alternative route using a chlorinated polyolefin reactant is disclosed in U.S. Pat. No. 3,172,892.
Turning now to the use of alkyl and alkenyl-substituted succinimides as gasoline detergents, reference is made to the following:
U.S. Pat. No. 3,658,494 (1972), which discloses gasoline and other fuel compositions containing the combination of a dispersant and an oxy compound, that oxy compound being a monoetherglycol or a monoetherpolyglycol, i.e. a glycol or polyglycol end capped at one end by an ether group. The range of dispersants covered by and disclosed in the patent is enormous and is generally stated to by an ester, amide, imidine, amidine or amine salt of a carboxylic acid containing at least 30 carbon atoms, but within that broad range alkenyl succinimides is a preferred sub-group. Likewise a broad range of monoether glycols and polyglycols are disclosed as the carrier oil, including polypropylene glycol monoethers, although without any particular reference to those as a preferred group; indeed the Examples in the pat

REFERENCES:
patent: 3658494 (1972-04-01), Dorer, Jr.
patent: 4968321 (1990-11-01), Sung et al.
patent: 5089028 (1992-02-01), Abramo et al.
patent: 5242469 (1993-09-01), Sakakibara et al.

Affiliated with

Also associated with

Rating

Multi-functional gasoline detergent compositions does not yet have a rating. At this time, there are no reviews or comments for this patent.

If you have personal experience with Multi-functional gasoline detergent compositions, we encourage you to share that experience with our LandOfFree.com community. Your opinion is very important and Multi-functional gasoline detergent compositions will most certainly appreciate the feedback.

Rate now

Comments { 0 }

Profile ID: LFUS-PAI-O-2034722