Textiles: weaving – Special-type looms
Patent
1993-08-13
1995-07-11
Falik, Andrew M.
Textiles: weaving
Special-type looms
139192, 139 48, 139 35, 139DIG1, D03D 1300, D03D 4100, D03D 2500
Patent
active
054311934
DESCRIPTION:
BRIEF SUMMARY
FIELD OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a process and loom for weaving multi-axial woven fabric, and to fabric produced by the process.
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
Multi-axial woven fabric is used as reinforcement in producing constructional components. The strength requirements of a composite component varies throughout its structure and so the fabric used has to be tailored for each component. This commonly involves accurately cutting the fabric to size and layering it where required to provide a three dimensional structure. De-lamination between these layers can occur thereby weakening the component and so it is desirable for the independently formed layers to be physically tied to one another to provide inter layer strength.
A general aim of the present invention is to provide a process and loom weaving head for producing weaves including warp threads extending parallel to and/or inclined to the fabric take-off direction. Inclination of the warp threads may be in a horizontal and/or vertical plane. The warp yarns are woven with weft yarns which may extend in a direction generally perpendicular to the take-off direction and/or may be inclined in a horizontal and/or vertical plane.
In U.S. Pat. No. 4,140,156 a triaxial fabric is produced on a machine in which the two sets of bias yarns are created by displacement of heddles in the weftwise direction under the control of shifting means. Two sets of beating means that include opposing reeds are employed for beating up weft yarns to the fell of the fabric. The large number of heddles required need however to be movable weftwise, which leads to a machine of complex form.
A further aim of the invention is to provide a process and loom weaving head in which the formation of bias yarns in the weaving process can be advantageously carried out using novel yarn transfer means.
A further aim is to provide such a process and loom weaving head to enable complex weaves to be produced wherein the weave pattern can be selectively changed as the weaving process progresses. It is therefore possible to tailor the weave in order to provide desired shapes and/or strength characteristics.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
According to one aspect of the present invention there is provided a process for weaving using a reed having vertically aligned upper and lower reed portions, the reed portions being relatively movable in the weft direction, the process including the steps of transferring warp yarns between said reed portions and moving the transferred warp yarns in the weft direction to define a selected array of warp yarns and then shedding the array of warp yarns for insertion of weft yarn.
Preferably one of said reed portions is stationary and the other is movable in the weft direction and definition of a selected array of warp yarns is achieved by moving selected individual warp yarns from a given dent in the stationary reed portion into the movable reed portion, moving the movable reed portion in the weft direction by a predetermined spacing and then returning the selected individual warp yarns to a different dent in the stationary reed portion. This sequence is repeated until a desired array of warp yarns is achieved.
Moving of the individual warp yarns between the stationary and movable reed portions is achieved using individual healds adapted for releasable engagement with individual warp yarns.
According to another aspect of the present invention there is provided a weaving loom head including a reed having vertically aligned upper and lower reed portions, the reed portions being relatively movable in the weft direction, a plurality of healds each of which is releasably engagable with an individual warp yarn and are arranged for moving selected warp yarns from one reed portion to the other reed portion and selectively operable drive means for causing relative movement between the reed portions by a predetermined spacing in the weft direction.
According to another aspect of the present invention there is provided woven fabric produced by the above defi
REFERENCES:
patent: 4140156 (1979-02-01), Trost
patent: 5137058 (1992-08-01), Anahara et al.
Textile Research Journal, vol. 40, No. 11, 1 Nov. 1970, pp. 986-998, Norris, F. Dow, "Preliminary Investigations of Feasibility of Weaving Triaxial Fabrics (Doweave)".
Mahboubian-Jones Malcolm G. B.
Mood Geoffrey I.
Falik Andrew M.
Short Brothers PLC
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