Chemistry: molecular biology and microbiology – Measuring or testing process involving enzymes or... – Involving nucleic acid
Reexamination Certificate
1996-09-17
2001-03-27
Chin, Christopher L. (Department: 1641)
Chemistry: molecular biology and microbiology
Measuring or testing process involving enzymes or...
Involving nucleic acid
C204S400000, C204S403060, C422S050000, C422S052000, C422S051000, C422S067000, C422S082050, C422S082070, C422S082080, C435S287100, C435S287200, C435S288700, C435S808000, C435S810000, C435S968000, C435S975000, C436S164000, C436S172000, C436S518000, C436S524000, C436S534000, C436S805000
Reexamination Certificate
active
06207369
ABSTRACT:
TABLE OF CONTENTS
1. INTRODUCTION
2. BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
2.1. Diagnostic Assays
2.2. Electrochemiluminescence
2.3. Commercial ECL Assays
2.4. Objects Of The Invention
3. SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
4. DESCRIPTION OF THE FIGURES
5. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
5.1. Preparation Of A Binding Surface
5.2. Binding Reagents
5.3. Voltage Waveform
5.4. Addressable Electrode And Methods For Using The Same
5.5. Light Detection
5.6. Analysis Of ECL Signals
5.7. Preparation Of Electrodes For Multi Arrays
5.8. Cassettes
5.9. Apparatus For Conducting ECL Reactions
5.10. ECL Assays That May Be Conducted
5.11. PMAMS For Use With Other Analytic Methods And/Or ECL
5.12. Electrochromic ECL Display
5.13. PMAMS For Use In Other Chemical Reactions
5.14. ECL Assays Employing The Capture Of Particles On Porous Electrodes
5.15. ECL Assays Employing PMAMS On Electrodes
5.16. ECL Assays Employing PMAMS On A Porous Substrate
5.17. ECL Assays Employing PMAMS On Composite Electrodes
5.18. ECL Assays Employing PMAMS On A Porous Electrode
5.19. Methods For Increasing Signal To Background
6. EXAMPLES
6.1. Preparation Of An MAB PMAMS Surface By Micro-Stamping
6.2. Preparation Of An MAB And Nucleic Acid PMAMS Surface By Micro-Stamping
6.3. Preparation Of A PMAMS Surface By Etching
6.4. Sandwich Assay On A PMAMS Surface
6.5. Assay On A First And Second PMAMS Surface
6.6. Nucleic Acid Assay On A PMAMS Surface
6.7. Competitive Assay On A PMAMS Surface With A Photomultiplier Detector
6.8. Competitive Assay On A PMAMS Surface With A CCD Detector
6.9. Preparation Of An MAB PMAM Surface By Micro Stamping With An SH(CH
2
)
10
CH
3
Alkane Thiol
6.10. Preparation Of An MAB And Nucleic Acid PMAMS Surface By Micro-Stamping With An SH(CH
2
)
10
CH
3
Alkane Thiol
6.11. Preparation Of A PMAMS Surface Using A Streptavidin-Biotin Linker
6.12. Preparation Of An MAB Single Surface
6.13. Assay Conducted On An MAB Single Surface
6.14. Preparation Of A Single Surface With Working And Counterelectrodes
6.15. Assay Conducted On A Single With Working And Counterelectrodes
6.16. Preparation Of A Surface With Counterelectrodes
6.17. Assay Conducted On A Single Surface With The Working And Counterelectrodes On Different Surfaces
6.18. Fabrication Of A CC (Dispersed) Fibril MAT By Vacuum Filtration
6.19. Fabrication Of A Fibril Mat On A Metal Mesh Support By Evaporation
6.20. Immobilization Of Avidin On Fibrils Bearing NHS-Ester Functional Groups
6.21. Immobilization Of Monoclonal Antibody (Anti-AFP) On Carbon Fibrils
6.22. Cyclic Voltammograms Of Fibril Mats: Comparison Of Fibril Mat With Gold Foil Electrode
6.23. Electrochemical Properties Of Fibril Mat Electrodes: Comparison Of Anodic Peak Current With Thickness Of The Mat
6.24. Non-Specific Binding Of Protein To Fibrils
6.25. Reduction Of Non-Specific Binding Of Proteins To Fibrils With Detergents/Surfactants
6.26. ECL Of Free TAG In Solution With Fibril Mat Electrode
6.27. ECL Of Adsorbed Labeled Antibody With Fibril Mat Electrode
6.28. ECL Using Fibril Mat Electrode For Sandwich Assay
6.29. ECL Detection Of TAG1-Labeled Avidin On A Polyacrylamide Surface
6.30. ECL Sandwich Immunoassay On A Polyacrylamide Surface
6.31. Multiple ECL Sandwich Immunoassay On Polyacrylamide Surfaces Supported On An Electrode
6.32. Multiple ECL Competitive Immunoassays On Polyacrylamide Surfaces Supported On An Electrode
6.33. Multiple ECL Assays For Binding Of Cells On Polyacrylamide Surfaces Supported On An Electrode
6.34. Multiple ECL Assays For Binding Of Analytes To Cells On Polyacrylamide Surfaces Supported On An Electrode
6.35. Multiple ECL Competitive Hybridization Assays On Polyacrylamide Surfaces Supported On An Electrode
6.36. Multiple ECL Hybridization Sandwich Assays On Polyacrylamide Surfaces Supported On An Electrode
6.37. Multiple Assays Of Different Types On A Polyacrylamide Surfaces Supported On An Electrode
6.38. Highly Reversible ECL
6.39. Quasi-Reversible ECL
6.40. Irreversible ECL
6.41. An ECL Sandwich Immunoassay Using A Primary Antibody Immobilized On A Patterned Gold Electrode
6.42. Preparation Of Aerosil-200 Silica Particles Coated With Streptavidin
6.43. Formation Of A Fibril Mat On A Support Of Stainless Steel Filter Paper For Use In Particle-based ECL Assay
6.44. A Particle-based ECL Assay For AFP Using Streptavidin-Coated Beads Captured On A Fibril Mat
6.45. A Particle-based ECL Assay For ATP Using Streptavidin-Coated Silica Beads Captured On A Fibril Mat
6.46. ECL Emitted From Fluorescent Dye-Labeled Latex Beads Captured On A Fibril Mat Electrode
6.47. An ECL Sandwich Immunoassay For AFP Using Biotin-Streptavidin Capture To Immobilize A Capture Antibody On A Gold Electrode
6.48. The Detection Of Nucleic Acid Hybridization To A Probe Immobilized On A Gold Electrode
6.49. Preparation Of Sheets Of A Composite Electrode Containing Fibrils And EVA
6.50. Oxidation Of Fibril-Polymer Composite By Chromic Acid
6.51. Derivatization Of A Fibril-Polymer Composite With A Mixture Of Sulfuric And Nitric Acids
6.52. Preparation Of A Fibril Composite Electrode With Exposed Hydroxyl Groups
6.53. Immobilization Of Streptavidin On Oxidized Fibril-Polymer Composites
6.54. Immobilization Of Proteins On Fibril-Polymer Composites Via SMCC Activation
6.55. Immobilization Of Streptavidin On A Composite Electrode Presenting Exposed Hydroxyl Groups
6.56. Assay For AFP On A Composite Electrode Of EVA And Fibrils
6.57. ECL Assay For TSH A Composite Electrode Of EVA And Fibrils
6.58. DNA Hybridization Assay On A Fibril Polymer Composite
6.59. Measurement Of The Surface Area Of A Fibril-Composite Electrode
6.60. Preparation Of NHS Ester-Functionalized Fibrils
6.61. Conjugation Of Streptavidin To NHS Ester Fibrils
6.62. Fabrication Of A Ultra Thin Fibril Mat (UTFM) On A Nylon Membrane Filter
6.63. A Nucleic Acid Hybridization Assay On A Bilayer Ultra Thin Fibril Mat Electrode
6.64. A Sandwich Immunoassay For AFP On A Bilayer Ultra Thin Fibril Mat Electrode
6.65. Forming Conductive Films Of Gold On Non-conductive Filter Membranes
6.66. A Sandwich Immunoassay For A On Ultra Thin Fibril Mat Electrode Formed On A Gold-Coated Nylon Filter Membrane
6.67. AFP Assay On Two Different Electrodes: Voltammetric Resolution Of Signal And Background
7. INCORPORATION OF REFERENCES
What is claimed is:
ABSTRACT
1. INTRODUCTION
The present invention provides for a patterned multi-array, multi-specific surface (PMAMS) for electrochemiluminescence based tests, as well as methods for making and using PMAMS.
2. BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
2.1. Diagnostic Assays
There is a strong economic need for rapid sensitive diagnostic technologies. Diagnostic technologies are important in a wide variety of economic markets including health care, research, agricultural, veterinary, and industrial marketplaces. An improvement in sensitivity, time required, ease of use, robustness, or cost can open entirely new diagnostic markets where previously no technology could meet the market need. Certain diagnostic technologies may possess high sensitivity but are too expensive to meet market needs. Other techniques may be cost effective but not robust enough for various markets. A novel diagnostic technique which is capable of combining these qualities is a significant advance and opportunity in the diagnostics business.
There are a number of different analytical techniques used in diagnostic applications. These techniques include radioactive labeling, enzyme linked immunoassays, chemical colorimetric assays, fluorescence labeling, chemiluminescent labeling, and electrochemiluminescent labeling. Each of these techniques has a unique combination of sensitivity levels, ease of use, robustness, speed and cost which define and limit their utility in different diagnostic markets. These differences are in part due to the physical constraints inherent to each technique. Radioactive labeling, for example, is inherently non-robust because the label itself decays and the disposal of the resulting radioactive waste results in economic, safety and environmental costs for many applications.
Many of the sensitive diagnostic techniques in use today ar
Billadeau Mark A.
Fischer Alan
Guo Liang-Hong
LeLand Jon
Martin Mark
Chin Christopher L.
Kramer Levin Naftalis & Frankel LLP
Meso Scale Technologies LLC
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