Acoustics – Sound-modifying means – Muffler – fluid conducting type
Patent
1994-06-16
1996-02-20
Dang, Khanh
Acoustics
Sound-modifying means
Muffler, fluid conducting type
181268, 181275, F01N 108
Patent
active
054921953
DESCRIPTION:
BRIEF SUMMARY
The invention relates to a fluid flow muffler having a fluid flow housing with a plurality of built-in sound-absorbent components arranged in the flow direction.
In materials processing systems there are frequently sources of high noise emissions, for example machines such as expansion turbines or compressors. Especially in the blading of expansion turbines, narrow-band noise levels are generated which are transmitted without damping through the inlet and outlet lines and are radiated outward by connected steel structures. These acoustic emissions, which are conducted to a large extent through the fluid flowing through such machines, must be reduced to a tolerable level. In addition to structural measures on the machines themselves which have only limited effectiveness, mufflers flanged to the outlet and/or inlet of the machine are suitable for the purpose.
Previously known mufflers of the type described above contain fibrous materials as sound-damping components. Such devices provide satisfactory sound absorption in many cases, but disadvantages arise in practical operation. Known mufflers are in fact suitable only for specific processing conditions, and in particular limits are imposed on their use with respect to the aggregate state of the fluid and the operating temperature. They therefore do not work completely satisfactorily in many applications, especially as regards failsafe operation of the system and flexibility of the performance of the process.
Thus fibrous absorption materials have demonstrated breakup phenomena at low temperatures, like those encountered for example in expansion turbines in low-temperature air separation plants, and have led to damage to the expansion turbines. In addition, when fluid appears, for example during expansion in the wet steam area, the liquid phase is partially absorbed by fibrous materials and the damping effect is sharply reduced.
Therefore the object of the present invention is to provide a muffler of the type described above which is especially advantageous from the economic standpoint, as a result of its high failure safety, low wear, and versatility.
This goal is achieved in the muffler according to the invention by the use of corrugated sheets with an essentially rectangular shape in the sound-absorbent components. Folded aluminum foils are primarily, such as those employed as built-in components already in other areas of materials processing (for example in material exchange columns, heat exchangers, and similar apparatus). Such foils are easy and economical to manufacture, and do not suffer from the above-mentioned disadvantages of fibrous materials. In particular, they are stable even in the low temperature range and do not absorb liquid. The muffler according to the invention can therefore be used in an extraordinarily broad range of applications, even, for example, in the cold part of an air separation plant, the inlet and/or outlet of an expansion turbine. Even in the case when the fluid contains liquid components, in contrast to the known mufflers, no difficulties arise since the muffler according to the invention is manufactured without absorbent fibers.
Detailed calculations and comprehensive measurements have shown that the muffler according to the invention has a high absorption effect which corresponds at least to those of known devices. In particular, narrow-band noise emissions can be damped extraordinarily effectively.
Preferably the corrugated sheets of the sound-absorbent components are arranged in such fashion that the peaks and valleys of the corrugations run essentially perpendicularly to the flow direction of the fluid. As a result a high flow resistance in the flow direction, and a low flow resistance in a direction perpendicular thereto are achieved within the sound-absorbent components.
The use of corrugated sheets, consisting of a plurality of parallel strips arranged sequentially in the flow is especially advantageous. The corrugations of two adjacent strips are staggered with respect to one another so that gap-shaped openings are
REFERENCES:
patent: 1067467 (1913-07-01), Collins
patent: 2281963 (1942-05-01), Tongeren
patent: 3018840 (1962-01-01), Bourne et al.
patent: 3507355 (1970-04-01), Lawson
patent: 3642094 (1972-02-01), Yancey
Stuber Burkhard
Zink Dieter
Dang Khanh
Linde Aktiengesellschaft
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