Stock material or miscellaneous articles – Coated or structually defined flake – particle – cell – strand,... – Rod – strand – filament or fiber
Patent
1996-02-12
1999-08-17
Weisberger, Richard
Stock material or miscellaneous articles
Coated or structually defined flake, particle, cell, strand,...
Rod, strand, filament or fiber
428372, 428375, 428378, 428357, 428359, 428361, 428364, 428368, 428220, 428339, 428365, D02G 300
Patent
active
059391928
DESCRIPTION:
BRIEF SUMMARY
The present invention relates to a novel, bio-degradable molding based on plant fiber materials that are integrated into a matrix of at least one biogenic material that has been reduced at high temperature and pressure to a molten state and which has undergone thermoplastic treatment.
A large number of synthetic materials, filled in part with natural fiber materials, are known for the most varied purposes, particularly for accessory parts, elements of furniture of all kinds and for the most varied branches and areas of industry; these suffer from a severe disadvantage in that they are difficult to dispose of in an environmentally benign manner and are not biologically degradable, at least over the long term and for the most part.
As a result of greatly increased environmental awareness, in particular in the wake of the use of renewable raw materials, which preserves fossil-fuel resources, there have been a large number of publications and patents that have as their objects bio-degradable, recyclable materials based on starch, or plants or parts of plants that contain this as an important component, such as dextrins, cell-wall poly saccharides, proteins, and chitins.
By way of example, reference is made here to articles that are of injection-molded starch, etc., e.g., for packaging, as described in EP 0304401 A3 and GB 2208651 A.
Also known is a material that is based on a plant-fibre material, in particular wood, that is integrated into a starch matrix or an appropriately molten biomaterial, the matrix itself incorporating a large number of pores as a result of the expansion that takes place when the starch-fibre material is extruded. This results in an easily handled, mechanically strong material that can be processed in the normal way, which has an extremely low volumetric density and a high thermal-insulation capacity. In this connection, reference is made--similarly by way of example--to WO 90/14935 81.
However, for the most varied purposes, in particular if great strength, water resistance, a low level of brittleness, and a compact feel are wanted or demanded, very frequently the light-dense products referred to above display weaknesses with respect to these very properties. For this reason, a requirement has been voiced for a dense, biogenic product that can resist normal wear and tear over the long-term and in which a higher density does not constitute an essentially troublesome factor.
It is the task of the present invention to create a new product that is based on plant-fiber materials and one or a plurality of biogenic melt-gel binders which, as a result of their density and stability, and whilst remaining environmentally acceptable and biodegradable, open up areas of application that were previously reserved for wood or fibre-panel materials or synthetic plastics that, for all practical purposes, are machined by cutting.
According to the present invention, the solution to this problem is a molding of the type described in the introduction hereto, that is essentially such that it displays the following characteristic features: fiber material that is based on wood and or cellulose, in particular such materials that have been recycled, as well as of additional additives; forms a gel-melt, from the group of biopolymers, preferably starches, proteins, lignins, hemi-celluloses, dextrins, pectins and/or chitins, in particular cereals that contain the starches or starch in a predominant quantity, mixed with protein where this is appropriate; resin acid, where appropriate mixed with at least one fatty acid, in particular from tall oil and/or natural resins; three-16%-wt, in particular 4-12%-wt, and the underlying molding material contains the following components that are combined up as follows:
______________________________________ Preferred Preferred
%-Wt %-wt Components Components
______________________________________
40-80 48-60 Plant-fibre materials
Wood,cellulose
15-45 20-35 Biopolymers that form
Starches,
gel-melts proteins
2-15 5-10 Resin acid(s), where
of tall oil
appropriate fatty
REFERENCES:
patent: 1664601 (1928-04-01), Ellis
patent: 4377440 (1983-03-01), Gasland
Database WPI, Week 8943, Derwent Publications Ltd., London, GB; AN 89-312865, English-language abstract of SU A-1024484.
Database WPI, Week 8415, Derwent Publications Ltd., London, GB; AN 84-092852, English-language abstract of JP A-1230672.
Mundigler Norbert
Rettenbacher Markus
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