Electricity: electrical systems and devices – Control circuits for electromagnetic devices – Systems for magnetizing – demagnetizing – or controlling the...
Patent
1999-05-11
2000-08-29
Fleming, Fritz
Electricity: electrical systems and devices
Control circuits for electromagnetic devices
Systems for magnetizing, demagnetizing, or controlling the...
361160, 361154, H01F 718
Patent
active
061117412
DESCRIPTION:
BRIEF SUMMARY
SPECIFICATION
Electromagnetic actuators, essentially consisting of at least one electromagnet and an armature connected with the servo component to be actuated which, when supplied with current, can be moved against the force of a restoring spring, have high switching speeds. However, a problem arises in that in the course of the armature approach, as the distance from the pole face of the electromagnet, that is, as the air gap between the pole face and the armature becomes smaller, magnetic force acting on the armature rises progressively, while the counter force of the restoring spring as a rule increases only linearly, so that the armature strikes the pole face with increasing speed. Along with the attendant noise, recoiling can occur; that is, the armature first meets the pole face but then bounces away at least briefly until it finally comes to rest on it. This can cause impairments in the function of the regulating element, which particularly in actuators with a high switching frequency can cause considerable problems.
It is therefore desirable if the impact speeds are on the order of magnitude of less than 0.1 m/s. It is important in this respect that such low impact speeds be assured under actual operating conditions as well, with all the associated stochastic fluctuations of such conditions. Disturbances from outside, such as jarring or the like, can cause a sudden drop in the final approach phase or even after the armature contacts the pole face.
From German Patent Disclosure DE-A 41 29 265, an electromagnetic switch gear is known which has a magnet core with a switching armature. The magnet core is provided on its outside with a magnetic flux sensor, which is interconnected with an electronic regulating device in such a way that the electric power supplied to the coil is regulated in proportion to the magnetic flux. In this switch gear, the magnetic flux, which increases when the switching armature contacts the pole face, is detected via the sensor, so that during the time while the switching armature is retained against the pole face, the current supply can be reduced to reduce the electrical power loss.
From German Patent Disclosure DE-A 36 37 133, an electromagnetic switch device is known, which has a magnetic flux sensor, disposed separately from the magnet core, and a soft iron piece oriented parallel to the active magnetic field between the magnet core and the switching armature. Via this soft iron piece, the stray field that exists between the switching armature and the pole face when the switching armature is open is oriented in a targeted way, so that the sensor disposed between the magnet core and the soft iron piece can detect the fact of a magnetic flux. As soon as the switching armature contacts the pole face, this stray field is practically eliminated, so that no magnetic flux whatever is detected by the sensor. With the aid of this arrangement, the intent is merely to monitor the contact of the armature on the magnet core during the holding phase, since the sensor already responds if the switching armature lifts up even slightly from the pole face, in response to external factors or if the current to the coil is too low. With this system, only an actual state, that is, the contact of the switching armature on the pole face, can be monitored.
A comparable apparatus for monitoring the actual state, that is, the contact of the armature on the pole face of an electric switching magnet during the holding phase, is known from JP-Abstract E-592, Mar. 23, 1988, Vol. 12, No. 89. In this arrangement, the pole faces are provided with a recess, in each of which one magnetic flux sensor is placed.
The object of the invention is to create a regulating process which makes it possible in an electromagnetic actuator of the type described above, to recognize the motion of the armature on its approach to the pole face, but in particular to carry the armature to its seat on the pole face at low impact speed, yet an adequate holding force after the impact of the armature on the pole face must also ex
REFERENCES:
patent: 3671814 (1972-06-01), Dick
patent: 4434450 (1984-02-01), Gareis
patent: 4812062 (1989-03-01), Ishinaga
Kather Lutz
Schmitz Gunter
FEV Motorentechnik GmbH & Co.
Fleming Fritz
Kelemen Gabor J.
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