Internal-combustion engines – Multiple cylinder – Cylinders radiating
Patent
1989-12-20
1991-10-15
Okonsky, David A.
Internal-combustion engines
Multiple cylinder
Cylinders radiating
123 58R, 123 59R, 123197AC, F02B 7522
Patent
active
050564757
DESCRIPTION:
BRIEF SUMMARY
FIELD OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a reciprocating internal combustion engine having a special motion conversion mechanism connected between the reciprocating portion and the rotating portion and particularly to a motion conversion mechanism of an internal combustion engine utilizing a rack and pinion mechanism.
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
Motion conversion mechanisms have greatly contributed to mechanical engineering, mechanical industries and other related fields since the Industrial Revolution.
On the other hand, it is also a fact that the designers in those fields have been restricted by the motion characteristics of the conventional motion conversion mechanisms.
In conventional engines, the motion conversion mechanism comprises connecting rods and cranks disposed between pistons and a crankshaft. Such a motion conversion mechanism has the limitations described below.
First, the acceleration of the pistons is very low in the vicinity of the dead points.
Second, the piston velocity or the piston displacement is defined by the angular position of the crank, arbitrary regulation of the motion throughout the whole stroke is impossible.
Third, deviated components of the piston force continuously act on the cylinder wall and toward the center of revolution of the crankshaft, thereby making the movements of the pistons unstable and increasing friction. Because of these limiting features, there are many restrictions in obtaining the optimum motion of the pistons, and accordingly, it is difficult to control the combustion conditions in the working chamber, thereby making it impossible to obtain maximum power and maximum efficiency in an engine.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
An object of the present invention is to provide a motion conversion mechanism in which the deceleration/acceleration rate of the piston can be controlled and all the piston forces are made to act tangentially on the rotation shaft.
Another object of this invention is to provide a reciprocating internal combustion engine in which a rapid increase of gas temperature can be controlled and accordingly the heat loss caused by heat transfer and an increase in the specific heat or heat of dissociation of the gas can be minimized by control of piston speed in the early stage of combustion.
Still another object of this invention is to provide an engine in which a rapid increase of the gas pressure can be controlled so that an increase of compression ratio and super-charging of a gas can be easily obtained approaching the ideal constant pressure engine cycle by controlling the piston speed in the early stage of combustion.
Still another object of this invention is to provide an engine in which the ignition delay before ignition can be easily controlled through control of fuel-air mixture conditions such as fuel-air mixing, gas temperature and pressure, and swirling of gas by controlling the piston speed in the last stage of compression.
Still another object of this invention is to provide an engine in which the ignition delay in the late stage of combustion can be easily controlled through control of the combustion speed during combustion by controlling the piston speed.
Still another object of this invention is to provide an engine in which a wide range of fuel grades can be used because combustion knock can be controlled through control of ignition delay and combustion speed.
Still another object of this invention is to provide an engine which is smaller in bulk and weight than a conventional engine.
Still another object of this invention is to provide a motion conversion mechanism which be used in compressors, pumps, cutting machines, and the like.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
The above objects and other advantages of the present invention will become more apparent from the following description of preferred embodiments with reference to the attached drawings in which:
FIG. 1 is a schematic plan view of an embodiment of a motion conversion mechanism according to the present invention, showing the state immediately be
REFERENCES:
patent: 1123172 (1914-12-01), Compton
patent: 4485769 (1984-12-01), Carson
patent: 4608951 (1986-09-01), White
patent: 4932373 (1990-06-01), Carson
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