Electricity: measuring and testing – Measuring – testing – or sensing electricity – per se – With coupling means
Reexamination Certificate
2003-01-28
2004-11-23
Mai, Anh (Department: 2832)
Electricity: measuring and testing
Measuring, testing, or sensing electricity, per se
With coupling means
C324S11700H, C363S097000
Reexamination Certificate
active
06822434
ABSTRACT:
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
A major problem in realizing high performance monolithic wireless transceivers arises because of the low Quality (Q) Factors of on-chip inductors. A great deal of effort has been expended to improve the performance of these devices, including patterned ground shields, micromachining to reduce substrate losses, and the development of sophisticated modeling and design software aimed at optimizing the Q Factor in given applications. However, Q Factors in standard processes are limited to something less than 15 at GHz frequencies, in spite of the best efforts of the industrial and scientific communities. Attempts to replace the passive devices with active (transistor based) equivalents can be somewhat effective, but increased distortion, noise and power consumption make these circuits undesirable in battery-powered high gain applications.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
A monolithic transformer compensated circuit with enhanced quality factor without significantly increasing noise levels is presented in this disclosure. The technique uses a monolithic transformer and a current source driving current into the transformer secondary winding to achieve loss compensation in the transformer primary. An ac current which is proportional to, and in phase with the voltage applied to the primary winding can be used to achieve theoretically perfect loss compensation at a given frequency in the RF (GHz) frequency range. The monolithic transformer is preferably frequency stabilized, for example with a stabilizing capacitance in parallel with the transformer secondary winding or an LC circuit in series with the current source. Examples of circuit applications that are particularly suited to the technique include Voltage Controlled Oscillators (VCO's), Low Noise Amplifiers (LNA's) and Filters. The technique has the added advantage of reducing power consumption in some applications.
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Georgescu Bogdan Alexandru
Haslett James William
McRory John Godfrey
Pekau Holly Evelyn
Christensen O'Connor Johnson & Kindness PLLC
Mai Anh
Telecommunications Research Laboratories
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