Fabric (woven – knitted – or nonwoven textile or cloth – etc.) – Nonwoven fabric – Including strand or fiber material which is of specific...
Patent
1997-02-19
1999-03-16
Bell, James J.
Fabric (woven, knitted, or nonwoven textile or cloth, etc.)
Nonwoven fabric
Including strand or fiber material which is of specific...
1621576, 162218, 162223, 264109, 264112, 428903, 442334, 442340, D04H 100
Patent
active
058830251
DESCRIPTION:
BRIEF SUMMARY
FIELD OF THE INVENTION
The invention relates to molded bodies comprising bond material based on cellulose acetate as bonding means and reinforcing natural cellulose fibers, respectively, natural cellulose-containing fibers, a process for the production of the molded bodies as well as the use in special technical fields.
BACKGROUND OF THE PRIOR ART
Apart from synthetic materials from thermoplastic or thermosetting polymers, in many fields, for example in the automotive, packaging, furniture, electric and electronics industry as well as in the field of construction and the like, occasionally synthetic materials from thermoplastic or duroplastic polymers from polymers containing fiber structures or polymers containing fibers or fiber-reinforced polymers are used. Such materials are frequently produced as semifinished products, for example in the form of web materials, matting, boards etc. These are used immediately or only after further processing or refining and finishing, for example by molding, coating or the like. In addition to fiber materials, or instead of fiber materials, these polymeric materials may comprise suitable fillers to lend them specific properties. The variety and the number of options of applications of these bond materials comprising a great variety of polymers, fibers and fillers is almost unlimited.
Within the scope of increased environmental awareness and restrictive laws, the ability for recycling of materials or their environmentally harmless disposal plays an increasingly more important role. In particular, the ecologically compatible waste disposal assumes increasingly critical significance since the recyclability is limited due to growing contamination and material damages and in this case the elimination becomes unavoidable. This may be carried out by combustion or forming deposits. An unlimited formation of deposits may be made in public locations. The perpetual waste disposal unlimited in time is not possible for reasons of space. A particularly simple and advantageous form of elimination is the biological degradation which can occur, for example, through composting. If the expression "biologically degradable" herein-below is used, it is intended to be understood that the corresponding substance is accessible to degradation through living organisms (organisms/microorganisms) and/or through natural environmental factors, for example the chemical degradation through bacteria, fungi, in particular molds and yeasts. Synthetic materials which are commonly used in packaging materials, in particular polystyrene, are not biologically degradable. In the case of carbohydrates the biological degradation, for example primarily in the form of anaerobic bacterials decomposition, leads to harmless lower fatty acids, alcohol and carbon dioxide. This is referred to by the term "rot". Intermediate products of the rotting processes can combine to form harmless new polymeric products and this advantageous humification is utilized in composting. This process involves in particular the biological degradation or the conversion of organic substances, in particular organic wastes, wood, leaves, and other plant materials, paper and sewage sludge, which proceeds with the development of heat ("spontaneous heating") and leads to the formation of compost, a dark, crumbly substance with advantageous components of nutrient salts (phosphate, nitrogen and potassium compounds) (see Rompp Chemie-Lexikon, 9th Edition, Vol. 3, 1990, pp. 2312/2313).
In view of the mentioned possibilities of subjecting specific waste materials to biological degradation, natural products are increasingly therefore of interest in material development. They offer many advantages. As regenerated raw materials they contribute to the protection of resources. They are further largely nontoxic and can be combusted without leaving residues. Their degradation products are compatible with environmental protection.
Materials of wood chips or natural fibers, such as cellulose, cotton, bast fibers and wool have been processed for a long time
REFERENCES:
Chemische Rundschau, Asche W. "AVK-Tagung Faserverstarkte Kunstoffe--Weg Zuruck Zurnatur" 30 Sep. 1984.
Karstens Ties
Kohler Robert
Schatzle Joachim
Tubach Martin
Wedler Michael
Bell James J.
Rhone-Poulenc Rhodia Aktinegesellschaft
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