Fluid sprinkling – spraying – and diffusing – Combining of separately supplied fluids – Fluid streams have angular junction
Patent
1998-06-04
2000-01-11
Kashnikow, Andres
Fluid sprinkling, spraying, and diffusing
Combining of separately supplied fluids
Fluid streams have angular junction
239432, 239433, B05B 704
Patent
active
060126531
DESCRIPTION:
BRIEF SUMMARY
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The invention concerns a modular abrasive agent water jet cutting head with specific abrasive agent additions.
It is known to mix an abrasive agent such as garnet or corundum into the cutting water jet in order to increase the cutting effect of the cutting water jet. For this the abrasive agent in a mixing chamber, through which the water jet flows vertically, is fed to the water jet from the side as uniformly as possible over the entire circumference (EP 221236).
It is known that the mixing chamber can be protected with deposited abrasive agent in order to avoid erosion in the mixing chamber due to the abrasive material, (DE-OS 384434) so that the abrasive agent is washed specifically and directly into the water jet by injection water. In order to reinforce this, the abrasive agent is accelerated at an acute angle (DE-GM 9402916.9) and added to the mixing chamber under pressure (DE-OS 4005691).
In order to protect the focussing nozzle from the effect of the abrasive agent, the cutting jet is surrounded with a water jacket (DE-OS 4005691). For better mixing of the abrasive agent into the water jet it is known to expand the focussing nozzle in funnel-shape on the inlet side (EP 110529).
According to DE-OS 3516103 a cutting jet loaded uniformly with abrasive particles is a condition for a clean, uniform cut. In the case of non-uniform distribution of the particles on one side in the mixing chamber, and thus undirected particle feed to the circumference of the previously described cutting heads flowing through the mixing chamber centrally, there is no uniform particle jet, as is desired. An asymmetrically loaded mixing jet can cause a non-uniform cut and a one-sided wear of the focussing nozzle.
Precise investigations have shown that only the abrasive particles located on the surface in the direction of cut of the mixed jet produce a cutting effect. The abrasive particles located in the interior or on the sides of the jet turned away from the direction of cutting do not produce a cutting effect.
The purpose and task of the invention is to apply abrasive particles on the surface of the cutting jet, in the respective direction of cutting thus in order to increase the cutting power with a reduction of the use of the abrasive agent.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
The knowledge that only the abrasive particles located on the surface of the cutting jet in the direction of cutting are effective leads to the apparatus of the present invention in which the mixing chamber known up to now has inserted thereinto a dosing unit. Extending axially therethrough is an opening for the passage of the cutting jet A laterally extending channel extends radially outwardly therefrom to the abrasive agent supply line. Abrasive particles are introduced into a chordal portion to the surface of the cutting jet to concentrate the abrasive particles in a chordal sector 30.degree. to 60.degree. wide from this channel with a ratio of the diameter of the abrasive particles to that of the cutting beam of approximately 1:4. By turning the cutting head or the dosing unit around the axis of the cutting beam, controlled corresponding to the cutting parameters, the sector loaded with abrasive agent emerges from the focussing nozzle on the side of the cutting beam which is in the direction of cutting. By means of using a dosing unit with several expansions for delivering the abrasive particles distributed uniformly around the cutting beam, of which only the expansion(s) located approximately in the cutting direction is (are) charged with abrasive particles, it is possible to reduce the angle of rotation for the cutting head, or mount the cutting head in a fixed position. In the modular abrasive agent water jet cutting head there is an adjusting element, with which these parts can be adjusted individually and/or completely for securing the alignment of the jet-guiding elements and thus for assuring a collimation of the jet-forming head components.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
The invention is to be explained in grea
REFERENCES:
patent: 4449332 (1984-05-01), Griffiths
patent: 4478368 (1984-10-01), Yie
patent: 4523988 (1985-06-01), Hedrick, II
patent: 4704826 (1987-11-01), Kirkland
patent: 4872293 (1989-10-01), Yasukawa et al.
patent: 5018670 (1991-05-01), Chalmers
patent: 5551909 (1996-09-01), Bailey
patent: 5794858 (1998-08-01), Munoz
Gunther Ulrich
Lemmin Lutz
Strehle Rainer
Thonig Harry
Bocanegra Jorge
Kashnikow Andres
Sachsische Werkzeug und Sondermaschinen
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