Liquid purification or separation – Processes – Ion exchange or selective sorption
Patent
1998-10-22
2000-05-16
Simmons, David A.
Liquid purification or separation
Processes
Ion exchange or selective sorption
210912, 525410, 525414, 502402, C02F 128, C08G 7302
Patent
active
060632860
DESCRIPTION:
BRIEF SUMMARY
The preparation of fine-particle, water-insoluble polymers of aziridines, and of modified, water-insoluble polymers of aziridines, and their use.
The present invention relates to a process for preparing fine-particle, water-insoluble polymers of aziridines by polymerizing aziridines in the presence of crosslinkers which contain at least two functional groups and in an inert solvent, to modified, water-insoluble polymers of aziridines, and to the use of the fine-particle, water-insoluble polymers, and of the modified polymers, for immobilizing active compounds, as absorbents for aldehydes, ketones and acids, and for removing heavy metal ions from waste waters.
U.S. Pat. No. 3,200,088 discloses the polymerization of alkylene imines, preferably ethylenimine, using small quantities of polyhalogenated alkanes in the presence of traces of certain metal compounds or metals such as, in particular, copper. The polymerization can be carried out as a bulk polymerization or as a solution polymerization in water, water-soluble alcohols or mixtures of the said solvents. The polyhalogenated alkanes are employed in quantities of from 1 to 5% by weight, based on alkylenimine. When quantities of halogenated alkanes are used which are greater than 5% by weight, insoluble gels of a honey-like consistency are formed which are almost impossible to filter.
U.S. Pat. No. 3,885,069 discloses the polymerization of ethylenimine with polyhalogenated compounds in a molar ratio of from 44:1 to 27:1, where a mixture of the two reactants is first allowed to react at from 10 to 50.degree. C. for from 2 to 16 hours, with the formation of a prepolymer, the mixture is then processed into a 5 to 50% strength solution by adding water or ethanol, and this solution is used to impregnate a fibrous cellulose-containing support material, which is then dried at 25.degree. C. until the prepolymer is crosslinked. Owing to its insolubility in solvents, the polymer is firmly bound to the fibrous support material and cannot be isolated easily. The reaction products which can be obtained in this way are used for removing heavy metal ions, such as copper ions or mercury ions, from aqueous solutions.
JP-A-63/041 532 discloses polymerizing aziridines with from 0.5 to 40% by weight of a crosslinker in hydrocarbons, in the presence of dispersants and under the influence of acidic catalysts, to form solid products which are used, for example, for immobilizing proteins or for removing metal ions from aqueous solutions. However, the solid products which result during the polymerization can only be filtered with difficulty and contain adhering dispersants which are often difficult to remove.
Processes for preparing fine-particle, water-insoluble polymers of aziridines by polymerizing aziridines in the presence of crosslinkers which contain at least two functional groups and in an inert solvent are known. The inert solvent used comprises at least one ether, suitable ethers having all those which are inert towards aziridines and crosslinkers and are liquid at least under the reaction conditions.
Examples of ethers are dialkyl ethers which carry from 1 to 6 C atoms in the alkyl group, e.g. diethyl ether, methyl n-propyl ether, methyl isopropyl ether, methyl n-butyl ether, methyl sec-butyl ether, methyl tert-butyl ether, ethyl hexyl ether and di-n-butyl ether.
Further suitable ethers are end group-capped polyalkylene glycols which contain, for example, from 2 to 50 polymerized alkylene oxide units. C.sub.1 - to C.sub.4 -alkyl groups are suitable for use as the end group cap. Preferably, the end group-capped polyalkylene glycols possess methyl groups or ethyl groups. The end group-capped polyalkylene glycols can be obtained, for example, by alkylating polyalkylene glycols. Examples of suitable polyalkylene glycols are polyethylene glycols, polypropylene glycols and polybutylene glycols and also block copolymers of ethylene oxide and propylene oxide or ethylene oxide and butylene oxide or of ethylene oxide, propylene oxide and butylene oxide or block copolymers of propy
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Patent Abstracts of Japan, vol. 12, No. 252 (C-512), Jul. 15, 1988, JP 63 041532, Feb. 22, 1988.
Betz Rainer
Ehle Michael
Greindl Thomas
Meixner Hubert
Reuther Wolfgang
BASF - Aktiengesellschaft
Lawrence Frank M.
Simmons David A.
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