Refrigeration – Cooler utilizing solidified gas – Means dispersing sublimed gas into cooled enclosure
Patent
1990-03-26
1991-12-24
Capossela, Ronald C.
Refrigeration
Cooler utilizing solidified gas
Means dispersing sublimed gas into cooled enclosure
62542, 62500, F25D 312
Patent
active
050741268
DESCRIPTION:
BRIEF SUMMARY
The present invention relates to the generation of a flow of refrigerated gas, and particularly cold air, from a mass of a refrigerating substance in sublimable solid condition or vaporizable liquid condition at a temperature lower than the desired temperature for the refrigerated gas. It relates more particularly to the use of the process for maintaining and rendering uniform the temperatures in the mobile refrigerated chamber containing food substances or the like from a solid mass of carbon dioxide, called carbon dioxide snow, and particularly the refrigeration of carts carried aboard aircraft, trains or the like or containers of the same type adapted to enclose food products, and particularly prepared dishes adapted to be served in the course of a trip or after a certain period of preservation.
At present, either the carts are maintained in climatized storage and individually connected to a refrigerating installation from which they must be disconnected for distribution, or they have a compartment adapted to receive a charge of refrigerant material, cakes of ice or solid carbon dioxide, with which compartment the air of the refrigerated chamber circulates in heat exchange by natural convection.
The first solution has the drawback of requiring a refrigerating and climatizating installation and of comprising numerous conduits which must be disconnected before the carts can be moved. The second solution does not have these drawbacks but the distribution of the refrigeration solely by natural convection which gives rise to descending gas currents of low velocity, results in very great inequalities of temperature prevailing in the different parts of the refrigerated chamber with lower temperatures adjacent the compartment of refrigerating substance, particularly when this latter is solid carbon dioxide which, at atmospheric pressure, vaporizes by sublimation at a temperature of about -79.degree. C. Forced circulation by a fan would require an electrical connection of the cart or container with the drawbacks indicated above.
There has also been proposed (U.S. Pat. No. 3,163,022) the use of vaporization or sublimation of a body, for example of "Dry Ice", to create a gaseous flow driving the atmosphere of a chamber to be refrigerated, with acceleration through a Venturi. Such a device (German patent No. 3,008,355) has been proposed for a cart carried on aircraft but has not been put into use because of the lack of uniformity of the temperatures obtained. The same is true of other known devices (U.S. Pat. No. 3,447,334, U.S. Pat. No. 4,576,010).
The present invention has for its object to overcome these drawbacks by providing in the refrigerated chamber, from a supply of refrigerating material which vaporizes to release in said chamber the refrigeration of the change of state, a forced flow of refrigerated air which can be directed so as to be uniformly distributed in the various portions of the refrigerated chamber without recourse to a power source external to the refrigerated chamber to ensure this forced circulation. It also has the object of ensuring autoregulation of the flow and of the temperature of the refrigerated air as a function of the ambient temperature of the refrigerated chamber.
This object is achieved, according to the invention, thanks to a process for generation of a flow of refrigerated gas from a mass of refrigerating material in solid or liquid state, in which there is sublimed or vaporized in a sealed vaporization chamber said refrigerating material and there is utilized the gaseous flow under pressure thus produced as the entrainment stream for a flow of gas to be refrigerated through a gas ejector of the Venturi type, characterized in that the mixture of gas to be refrigerated and of drive gas leaving the gas ejector is sent to the chamber to be refrigerated by a plurality of vaporization nozzles distributed throughout said chamber to be refrigerated.
The refrigerating substance used in the process can be any substance in solid or liquid state which sublimes or vaporizes at a low temp
REFERENCES:
patent: 2167667 (1939-08-01), McMechan
patent: 2255356 (1941-09-01), Harris et al.
patent: 2580210 (1951-12-01), Zuckerman
patent: 3163022 (1964-12-01), Hottenroth
patent: 3447334 (1969-06-01), Kimball
patent: 3864936 (1975-02-01), Frank et al.
patent: 4096707 (1978-06-01), Taylor
patent: 4457142 (1984-07-01), Bucher
patent: 4576010 (1986-03-01), Windecker
patent: 4593536 (1986-06-01), Fink et al.
Capossela Ronald C.
Societe Conseil Investissements Management pour l'Entreprise C.I
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