Mobile crusher

Details Mobile crusher Mobile crusher

2000-09-20

2002-07-16

Rosenbaum, Mark (Department: 3725)

Solid material comminution or disintegration

Apparatus

With automatic control

C241S101710

Reexamination Certificate

active

06419172

ABSTRACT:

TECHNICAL FIELD
The present invention relates to a crusher provided on a mobile vehicle body.
BACKGROUND ART
As an example is shown in
FIG. 11
, a mobile crusher has a hopper
2
provided on a mobile vehicle body
1
, a feeder
3
provided at a bottom portion of the hopper
2
, a crusher member
4
provided under an end portion of the feeder
3
, a belt conveyor
5
provided under the crusher member
4
, and the like. The feeder
3
, the crusher member
4
, and the belt conveyor
5
are driven by a feeder driving system, a crusher driving system, and a belt conveyor driving system (each not illustrated). An upper portion of the crusher member
4
is opened and faces to the end portion of the feeder
3
, and a lower portion of the crusher member
4
is opened and faces to a top surface of the belt conveyor
5
. According to the above configuration, a material
6
a
to be crushed, which is placed on the feeder
3
from the outside, is fed into the crusher member
4
from the upper opening of the crusher member
4
by the drive of the feeder
3
, and is crushed by the drive of the crusher member
4
. A crushed material
6
b
is discharged onto the belt conveyor
5
from the lower opening of the crusher member
4
and is discharged out of the vehicle by the drive of the belt conveyor
5
, as a product.
In the above mobile crusher, a synchronous control of the aforementioned three driving systems has a profound effect on the productivity of the crushed material
6
b
. Thus, some crushers have target crushing amount setting means (not illustrated) for inputting a target crushing amount A
2
per unit time of the crusher
4
, and actual crushing amount detecting means (not illustrated) for detecting an actual crushing amount B per unit time of the crusher
4
. The crusher further has control means for comparing the target crushing amount A
2
and the actual crushing amount B, then as shown in
FIG. 12
, increasing the speed of the feeder
3
when “A
2
−B>0”, maintaining a driving speed V of the feeder
3
when “A
2
−B=0”, and decreasing the speed when “A
2
−B<0”. It should be noted that “A
2
” has a predetermined range. Further, the following crushers are known.
(1)A crusher described in Japanese Utility Model Laid-open No. 5-1315 is a stationary type, which has a sensor for detecting a rock when the large rock stays on a grizzly screen provided at the upper opening of the crusher, and a controlling device for automatically stopping the feeder when the sensor detects the rock for a predetermined time.
(2) A mobile crusher described in Japanese Patent Laid-open No. 7-116541 has a sensor for detecting overloading when a crusher is under over load, and a controlling device for automatically stopping the feeder when the sensor detects the overloading.
(3) A mobile crusher described in Japanese Patent Laid-open No. 8-281140 has a sensor for detecting an anomaly when the anomaly occurs at each component (including not only the feeder driving system, crusher driving system, and the belt conveyor driving system, but also an engine, a water temperature in a generator and the like, oil hydraulic pressure, residual amount of fuel, and the like), and a controlling device for automatically stopping the feeder when the sensor detects an anomaly.
According to the above prior arts, though they respectively contribute to productivity improvements, they have the following disadvantages.
(1) Though the details are described later, the actual crushing amount B directly depends on the amount of the material
6
a
to be crushed inside the crusher member
4
from the view of the placement position of the crusher member
4
and from the view of the crushing efficiency of the crusher member
4
. In spite of this, in the above conventional crusher, specifically, the crusher, which changes the driving speed V of the feeder
3
based on the comparison result between the target crushing amount A
2
and the actual crushing amount B, the detection result of the actual crushing amount detecting means provided at a downstream side of the crusher member
4
is reflected in the driving speed V of the feeder
3
provided at an upstream side of the crushing member
4
. As a result, a lag inevitably occurs in the synchronization between the actual crushing amount B and the driving speed V of the feeder
3
. Thereby the disadvantage that the control of high quality is not obtained is caused.
(2) In the crusher described in each of the aforementioned Official Gazettes, the feeder automatically stops when an anomaly occurs. Specifically, these prior arts are control arts when an anomaly occurs. Thus, the disadvantage occurs, in which, for example, a damage to the crusher itself and reduction of productivity are caused.
DISCLOSURE OF THE INVENTION
In view of the aforementioned prior arts, an object of the present invention is to provide a mobile crusher which has a high-quality controlling function enabling efficient production, and which is capable of preventing the crusher itself and the like from being damaged, by preventing the occurrence of an anomaly.
The mobile crusher according to the present invention is made especially in view of the above “the actual crushing amount B directly depends on the amount of the material
6
a
to be crushed inside the crusher member
4
”. This will be explained with reference to a jaw crusher in
FIG. 1A
to FIG.
3
.
A jaw crusher
4
is one which is also placed on the example machine in
FIG. 11
, and as shown in
FIG. 1A
, FIG.
2
A and
FIG. 3
, a stationary plate
4
a and a swing jaw
4
b
are adjustably placed to face to each other with an upper opening being large and a lower opening being small. A material
6
a
to be crushed is fed into a portion between the stationary plate
4
a
and the swing jaw
4
b
facing to each other (being the aforementioned “an inside of the crusher member
4
”, and a so-called “crushing chamber”). A grain diameter of a crushed material
6
b
is determined by the dimension of the lower opening.
[1] As shown in
FIG. 1A
, the stationary plate
4
a
is fixed to a vehicle body (not illustrated), but an upper end of the swing jaw
4
b
is rotationally driven by an eccentric driving shaft
4
c
, and a lower end thereof is freely supported by the vehicle body via a plate
4
d
. Specifically, as shown in a skeleton drawing of linkage in
FIG. 1B
, the movement of the swing jaw
4
b
approaches a linear movement a
3
as a circular movement a
1
at an upper portion by the eccentric driving shaft
4
c
proceeds to a lower portion. Accordingly, a crushing force F
0
per one rotation of the eccentric driving shaft
4
c
produced by the swing jaw
4
b
(specifically, the force F
0
in a vertical direction to the stationary plate
4
a
) is distributed as shown in FIG.
1
C.
[2] Assume that stones from a small stone (small material to be crushed)
6
a
to a large stone (large material to be crushed)
6
a
are orderly fed into the inside of the crusher member
4
from the small lower portion toward the large upper portion as shown in FIG.
2
A. In this situation, a crushing force F
1
required for crushing each stone
6
a
is distributed as shown in FIG.
2
B. When the distribution (
FIG. 2B
) of the required crushing force F
1
is overlaid on the distribution of the crushing force F
0
produced by the swing jaw
4
b
in
FIG. 1C
,
FIG. 2C
is obtained.
FIG. 2C
shows that when a height H of the material
6
a
to be crushed inside the crusher member
4
is large, the material
6
a
to be crushed cannot be efficiently crushed. It should be noted that the amount of the material
6
a
to be crushed inside the crusher member
4
is equivalent to the height H (the same shall apply hereinafter).
[3] Assume that small stones
6
a
are fed into the inside of the crusher member
4
to fill the same as shown in FIG.
3
. In this situation, the stones
6
a
from the center to the lower portion of the crusher member
4
directly receive the crushing force F
0
and are crushed, since the crushing movement in this area

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