Fuel and related compositions – Liquid fuels – Aluminum or heavy metal – other than lead – containing
Patent
1999-04-27
2000-08-01
Howard, Jacqueline V.
Fuel and related compositions
Liquid fuels
Aluminum or heavy metal, other than lead, containing
44364, 44365, C10L 130
Patent
active
06096104&
DESCRIPTION:
BRIEF SUMMARY
This application is a 371 of PCT/FR/97/01369, Jul. 23, 1997.
This invention relates to mixed organometallic compositions, containing at least three metals belonging respectively to the manganese or iron group, the rare earth group, and the alkaline or alkaline earth group. It also relates to applications of these organometallic compositions as fuel additives for hydrocarbonic liquid fuels or motor fuels, such as fuel oil and diesel fuel.
We are already aware of the use of organic acid organometallic or organo-metalloid complex salts as combustion additives to hydrocarbonic liquid fuels, for example, to ease and improve the combustion of these fuels. Such additives are, for example, composed of a complex salt obtained from an organic acid (fatty acids with more than 7 carbon atoms) and iron (see FR-A-2 172 797), or manganese (see FR-A-2 486 083), or rare earth metals, in particular cerium (see FR-A-2 359 192). The applicants have also proposed mixed combustion additives containing iron and cerium (see EP-A-1 12 219).
The mechanism of action of these additives on the combustion, in particular, of a fuel oil seems relatively well known: the metallic oxides contained in the additive would adsorb on the asphaltenes always present in a fuel oil and, because of their catalytic effect on the combustion of these asphaltenes, these metallic oxides would thus reduce the quantity of solid unburned components released during the combustion.
However, because of the actual rarity of the components, the use of compounds with a rare earth base is costly. Therefore, to reduce the cost, many substitute organometallic compounds have also been researched and tested by the applicants, without much success.
Nevertheless, surprisingly so, it was found that not only can the content in rare earths be considerably reduced by the adjunction of a third metal of the alkaline and or alkaline earth type, but also, the quality of these additives is considerably improved.
The applicants have thus established that, surprisingly so, the adjunction of a third element along side the iron and cerium allows, not only to improve on the qualities of combustion as far as the environment is concerned, in particular in an urban area--as these combustion qualities are subject to regulations that are more and more strict--but also to reduce the cost of the additive.
The purpose of this invention is therefore to propose mixed organometallic compositions that contain at least three metals, whose efficiency as a combustion adjuvant is at least the same as the rare earth and iron salts mixtures with an identical overall metal content, and whose cost, due to the reduction of the rare earth content, is significantly reduced in relation to these same salts.
The object of this invention is therefore mixed organometallic compositions, characterized by the fact that they contain organic acid salts of at least three metals M1, M2 and M3, to the iron group or the manganese group, preferably a metal chosen from among iron, manganese or nickel, rare earth group, preferably a metal chosen from among cerium, lanthanum, neodymium or praseodymium, metal group, preferably, a metal chosen from among barium, strontium, calcium or lithium, and by the fact that the R ratio of the mass contents of the M3/M2 metals, is greater than 0.15, preferably greater than 1.5.
Indeed, it has been proved that the addition of a third element to the composition, belonging to the alkaline or alkaline earth metal group, makes it possible to unexpectedly reduce, on the one hand, the additive's content of rare earth, and on the other hand, the level of the quantity of solid unburned components produced during the combustion of a fuel oil containing said composition as an additive. Furthermore, for an identical overall metal content in the composition, the use of calcium in this composition makes it possible to reduce by such amount the quantity or rare earth necessary and therefore to reduce the cost of the additive.
In the description of the object of the invention, and for the remainder of th
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Briard Gerard
Brisset Guy
Peyrot Jean
Van den Neste Corinne
Gamlen Industries S.A.
Howard Jacqueline V.
Total Raffinage Distribution , S.A.
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