Woodworking – Rotary cutter – Disk cutter including side attached – edge cutting bit
Patent
1998-08-27
2000-03-21
Bray, W. Donald
Woodworking
Rotary cutter
Disk cutter including side attached, edge cutting bit
144218, 144229, 144 39, 407 38, 407 48, 407 49, B27G 1304, B27L 1102
Patent
active
060390964
DESCRIPTION:
BRIEF SUMMARY
FIELD OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a milling tool for working wood or similar easily machined materials.
BACKGROUND
In this connection, "materials similar to wood which are easily machined" is understood to mean, for example, other wood materials, plastic materials or materials agglomerated therefrom. Such a milling tool is in particular intended to be used for processing, for example trimming plate-shaped components made of materials like that.
Manufacturers of woodworking machines have been trying for decades to reduce the level of sound output radiated by the machines, or respectively to keep it within bearable approved limits. Although the mechanism of sound generation can be considered to be scientifically understood (Troger, J.: "Uber den Mechanismus der Schallentstehung beim Spanen" [On the Mechanism of Sound Generation During Machining]--1st Report: "Untersuchung uber den Arbeitslarm" [Studies Regarding Workplace Noise], Holztechnology [Wood Technology] Leipzig 10 (1969) 3, pp. 181 to 184;--2nd Report: "Untersuchungen uber den Leerlauflarm" [Studies of Noise When Running Idle], Wood Technology 10 (1969) 4, pp. 265 to 269;--3rd Report: "Theoretische Untersuchungen" [Theoretical Studies] Part I, Wood Technology Leipzig 11 (1970) 1, pp. 41 to 47; 4th Report: "Theoretische Untersuchungen" [Theoretical Studies] Part II, Wood Technology Leipzig 11 (1970) 2, pp. 75 to 80), there has been no success in completely meeting the prescribed legal requirements in connection with trimming work. The introduction of diamonds as the cutting material in circular sawing tools and compact cutting tools, which has occurred in recent years, required increased wedge angles, because of which the specific cutting force increased approximately tenfold. With this, the emitted sound output level also increased, since there are significant connections between the cutting force and noise emission. Machines for trimming to shape in the furniture industry are particularly affected, of which in Germany alone there are approximately 500 machines combined into installations. For this reason there exists a need for action with the goal of clearly reducing the presently too high noise levels of approximately 90 to 95 dB AI and more at the respective work stations. New basic solutions for reducing the emitted sound output must be sought, based on the known mechanisms of sound generation. Besides a reduced noise emission, the tools with these special cutting geometry also must assure excellent processing qualities. As the latest publications in the trade journals show, the demands for high-grade processing quality of the products of the wood processing and wood-working industry are still quite topical.
Sound sources in the course of processing wood are the tool and the workpiece. Both the noise while idling as well as the noise being emitted when machining (work noise) can be determining. The main sound source during idling is the tool. The aerodynamic eddy noise is created by air vortices being alternatingly released at the sides of the cutting edges. This noise is characterized by a broad band roar without distinguished tonal components. If there is a sharp-edged obstacle in the vicinity of the vortex field, the so-called "sound of rotation" appears, which has a distinguished tonal component, whose frequency equals the product of the number of cutting edges and the rpm. The increase in the sound output level with the reduction of the distance from the cutting edge can be up to 10 dB. In connection with the interpretation of the work noise it must be assumed that the tool and the workpiece are structures which are capable of mechanical oscillations. Their excitation during the milling process is caused by a portion of the milling force. It is not possible to precalculate the size of the excitation force, in accordance with the above mentioned scientific studies it is proportional to the cutting force. In the same way it is not possible to exactly define the workpiece as a mechanical oscillator.
The cutting force
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Felder, Werkzeuge, 1993 (brochure).
Heisel Uwe
Troger Johannes
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