Animal husbandry – Milkers – With fluid compression
Patent
1982-01-27
1984-04-10
Chamblee, Hugh R.
Animal husbandry
Milkers
With fluid compression
119 1438, 119 1452, 119 1455, A01J 504, A01J 508
Patent
active
044414544
DESCRIPTION:
BRIEF SUMMARY
The invention relates to a milking apparatus with a collection chamber having a connection for a vacuum source and four two-chamber milking cups which are connectable via short milk lines to mutually displaced collection chamber connections, with each milking cup having a valve unit actuated in dependence on the pressure differences which occur in the suction and massage pulses to connect the inner chamber of the milking cup to atmosphere.
Known milking apparatus of this kind, in which attempts are made, on the one hand, to connect the teat rubber inner space to atmosphere during the massage pulse in order to improve the discharge of milk and to care for the teats and, on the other hand, to prevent the consequences of the dangerous back spray effect, are of very complicated construction, difficult to clean and still do not function in an entirely satisfactory manner.
An apparatus which allows air to be introduced from the atmosphere into the teat rubber inner space during the massage pulse is known from DE-PS 1 299 165. The special valve arrangement that is used in this apparatus requires special milking cups, makes the cleaning of the milking cups difficult and also makes it necessary to exchange the valve units at regular intervals in order to ensure the functioning of the milking cup.
The reverse spray effects which lead to udder diseases are described in the journal "Top Agrar Extra, Milk Technique 1979" in particular at pages 36 to 39. It is explained in detail in this article that the decisive mechanism for the transfer and penetration of bacteria is to be seen in the reverse flow or back spray, which occurs in the milking equipment, through which milk is transferred from diseased quarters to healthy quarters of the same cow. Flow velocities of up to 20 m/sec. can arise in the context of the reverse spray which is favoured by the turbulence of the milk in the collection space. Milk turbulence occurs to a large degree, in particular when air penetrates the milking equipment as occurs at the end of milking when the teat cups slide on the teats, and this leads to the abovementioned high flow velocities, with the bacteria being shot directly into the individual teats, and to a very high risk of infection.
It is known, in order to avoid or reduce the consequences of reverse spray effects, to subdivide collection chambers so that milk is separately removed either from two quarters of the udder in each case or from each quarter of the udder, i.e. so that either two or four separate milk extraction lines lead away from the collection chamber. The division of the collection chamber into four and the use of four separate milk extraction lines is not only complicated but also leads to a very heavy overall arrangement which in turn means that the adhesion of the milking equipment on the teats is no longer guaranteed. If the collection chamber is subdivided into two the weight is indeed somewhat lower but, in this case, reverse spray effects still occur between the two quarters which are connected together via the collection chamber.
The problem underlying the invention is thus to develop a milking apparatus in such a way that it can be realised with a minimum of complication, does not cause any form of cleaning problems, avoids the risk of infection due to reverse flow and back spray and ensures an ideal discharge of milk while simultaneously caring for the teats.
This problem is solved in essence in that valve members are provided in the collection chamber in the region of the openings of the milk line connections, with the valve members being controlled in dependence on the local pressure difference between the collection space and the respective milk line connection and opening only in the direction of the collection space, and in that the valve unit is in each case disposed beneath the teat reception zone within the teat rubber and is changed over between the closed and opened conditions by the wall of the teat rubber which moves in dependence on the pressure difference. The direct utilisation of the teat ru
REFERENCES:
patent: 807372 (1905-12-01), Gillies
patent: 2702526 (1955-02-01), Torgerson
patent: 3149609 (1964-09-01), Noorlander
patent: 3255732 (1966-06-01), Raht
patent: 3611993 (1971-10-01), Norton
patent: 4263875 (1981-04-01), Maier et al.
Happel Fritz
Happel Werner
Chamblee Hugh R.
Happel Fritz
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