Coating processes – Coating by vapor – gas – or smoke – Mixture of vapors or gases utilized
Reexamination Certificate
2005-08-29
2008-09-30
Chen, Bret (Department: 1792)
Coating processes
Coating by vapor, gas, or smoke
Mixture of vapors or gases utilized
C427S255310, C427S255320
Reexamination Certificate
active
07429404
ABSTRACT:
A method for forming multi-metallic sites on a substrate is disclosed and described. A substrate including active groups such as hydroxyl can be reacted with a pretarget metal complex. The target metal attached to the active group can then be reacted with a secondary metal complex such that an oxidation-reduction (redox) reaction occurs to form a multi-metallic species. The substrate can be a highly porous material such as aerogels, xerogels, zeolites, and similar materials. Additional metal complexes can be reacted to increase catalyst loading or control co-catalyst content. The resulting compounds can be oxidized to form oxides or reduced to form metals in the ground state which are suitable for practical use.
REFERENCES:
patent: 5077085 (1991-12-01), Schnur et al.
patent: 6159855 (2000-12-01), Vaartstra
patent: 6307116 (2001-10-01), Heinrichs et al.
patent: 6353035 (2002-03-01), Manzer et al.
patent: 6355219 (2002-03-01), Suh et al.
patent: 6361757 (2002-03-01), Shikada et al.
patent: 6365544 (2002-04-01), Herron et al.
patent: 6376421 (2002-04-01), Sun et al.
patent: 6586538 (2003-07-01), Ford et al.
patent: 6676816 (2004-01-01), Mao et al.
patent: 6686306 (2004-02-01), Shih
patent: 6733828 (2004-05-01), Chao et al.
patent: 2003/0224927 (2003-12-01), Shih
patent: WO/03/065536 (2003-08-01), None
Strelets, V.V., “Electrochemical Activation of Metal Complexes: Redox-Initiated Haptotropic Isomerization of Organometallic ?- Complexes.” Theoretical and Experimental Chemistry, vol. 32, No. 2, 1996, pp. 57-66.
Robbins, Michael H., et al., “Redox Considerations for a Ruthenium Complex Catalysis of Substrate Oxidation by Hydrogen Peroxide in Aqueous Solution”. J. Chem. Soc., Dalton Trans., 1996, pp. 105-110.
Lin, Andrew S., et al., “Oxygen reduction on Nafion-bound unpyrolyzed metal macrocyclic complexex.” Journal of Electroanalytical Chemistry, vol. 541 (Jan. 16, 2003) pp. 147-151.
Bell, A.T., “The Impact of Nanoscience on Heterogeneous Catalysis,”Science2003, 299, pp. 1688-1691.
Davis, B.H., “Fischer-Tropsch synthesis: current mechanism and futuristic needs,”Fuel Proc. Tech,2001, 71, pp. 157-166.
Dry, M.E., “Practical and theoretical aspects of the catalytic Fischer-Tropsch process,”App. Catal. A: General,1996, 138, pp. 319-344.
Dunn, B.C. et al., “Silica aerogel supported catalysts for Fischer-Tropsch synthesis,”0 App. Catal. A: General, 2005, 278, pp. 233-238.
Dunn, B.C. et al., “Silica aerogel supported cobalt metal Fischer-Tropsch catalysts for syngas to diesel range fuel conversion”Energy&Fuels,2004, 18, pp. 1519-1521.
Elschenbroich, Ch. et al., ““Closed”, “Half-Open”, and “Open” Ferrocenes: Redox Behavior and Electron Spin Resonance of the Radical Cations”,”Organometallics,1985, 4, pp. 2068-2071.
Ernst, R.D., “Pentadienyl Ligands: Their Properties, Potential, and Contributions to Inorganic and Organometallic Chemistry,”Comments Inorg. Chem.,1999, 21, pp. 285-325.
Gosser, L.W. et al, Chapter 32: “π-Cyclooctenyl-π -1,5-Cyclooctadienecobalt,”Inorg. Syn.,1977, 17, pp. 112-115.
Hendrickson, D.N. et al., “Magnetic Susceptibility Study of Various Ferricenium and Iron (III) Dicarbolide Compounds,”Inorg. Chem.,1971, 10, pp. 1559-1563.
Husing, N. et al., “Aerogels—Airy Materials: Chemistry, Structure, and Properties,”Angew. Chem. Int. Ed.,1998, 37, pp. 23-45.
Jacobs, G. et al., “Fischer-Tropsch synthesis: support, loading, and promoter effects on the reducibility of cobalt catalysts,”App. Catal. A: General,2002, 233, pp. 263-281.
Ma, Z. et al. “Solid state NMR investigation of Fischer-Tropsch catalysts”, 45th Experimental Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Conference (ENC), Apr. 18-23, 2004, Pacific Grove, CA, pp. 82-84.
Mori, K. et al., “Hydroxyapatite-Bound Cationic Ruthenium Complexes as Novel Heterogeneous Lewis Acid Catalysts for Diels-Alder and Aldol Reactions,”J. Am. Chem. Soc.,2003, 125, pp. 11460-11461.
Nozaki, C. et al., “Synthesis, Characterization, and Catalytic Performance of Single-Site Iron (III) Centers on the Surface of SBA-15 Silica,”J. Am Chem. Soc.2002, 124, pp. 13194-13203.
Otsuka, S. et al., “Synthesis, Structure, and Properties of π-Cyclo-octenyl-π-cyclo-octa-1,5-dienecobalt,”Chem. Soc. A.,1968, pp. 2630-2633.
Ryan, J.V. et al., “Electronic connection to the interior of a mesoporous insulator with nanowires of crystalline RuO2,”Nature,2000, 406, pp. 169-172.
Schulz, H., “Short history and present trends of Fischer-Tropsch synthesis,”App. Catal. A: General,1999, 186, pp. 3-12.
Wilson, D.R. et al., “BIS (2, 4-Dimethylpentadienyl) complexes of the Transition Metals”Organomet. Synth.1986, 3, pp. 136-141.
Dunn Brian C.
Ernst Richard D.
Eyring Edward M.
Turpin Gregory C.
Chen Bret
Thorpe North & Western LLP
University of Utah Research Foundation
LandOfFree
Methods of selectively incorporating metals onto substrates does not yet have a rating. At this time, there are no reviews or comments for this patent.
If you have personal experience with Methods of selectively incorporating metals onto substrates, we encourage you to share that experience with our LandOfFree.com community. Your opinion is very important and Methods of selectively incorporating metals onto substrates will most certainly appreciate the feedback.
Profile ID: LFUS-PAI-O-3988523