Drug – bio-affecting and body treating compositions – Designated organic active ingredient containing – Carbohydrate doai
Reexamination Certificate
2001-08-10
2003-09-02
Crouch, Deborah (Department: 1632)
Drug, bio-affecting and body treating compositions
Designated organic active ingredient containing
Carbohydrate doai
C424S093200, C435S320100, C435S455000, C435S463000
Reexamination Certificate
active
06613752
ABSTRACT:
INTRODUCTION
1. Field of the Invention
The field of this transformation.
2. Background of the Invention
The introduction of an exogenous nucleic acid sequence (e.g. DNA) into a cell, a process known as “transformation,” plays a major role in a variety of biotechnology and related applications, including research, synthetic and therapeutic applications. Research applications in which transformation plays a critical role include the production of transgenic cells and animals. Synthetic applications in which transformation plays a critical role include the production of peptides and proteins. Therapeutic applications in which transformation plays a key role include gene therapy applications. Because of the prevalent role transformation plays in the above and other applications, a variety of different transformation protocols have been developed.
In many transformation applications, it is desirable to introduce the exogenous DNA in a manner such that it is incorporated into a target cell's genome. One means of providing for genome integration is to employ a vector that is capable of homologous recombination. Techniques that rely on homologous recombination can be disadvantageous in that the necessary homologies may not always exist; the recombination events may be slow, etc. As such, homologous recombination based protocols are not entirely satisfactory.
Accordingly, alternative viral based transformation protocols have been developed, in which a viral vector is employed to introduce exogenous DNA into a cell and then subsequently integrate the introduced DNA into the target cell's genome. Viral based vectors finding use include retroviral vectors, e.g. Moloney murine leukemia viral based vectors. Other viral based vectors that find use include adenovirus derived vectors, HSV derived vectors, sindbis derived vectors, etc. While viral vectors provide for a number of advantages, their use is not optimal in many situations. Disadvantages associated with viral based vectors include immunogenicity, viral based complications, and the like.
Accordingly, there is continued interest in the development of additional methods of integrating exogenous nucleic acid into the genome of a target cell for use in transformation protocols. Of particular interest is the development of a non-viral in vivo nucleic acid transfer protocol that provides for stable genome integration by a mechanism other than homologous recombination.
3. Relevant Literature
Patent applications of interest include: WO 98/40510 and WO 99/25817. Also of interest are: Dawson & Finnegan, Nat. Biotechnol. (1998) 16:20-21; Ivics et al., Cell (1997) 91: 501-510; Ivics et al., Proc. Nat'l Acad. Sci. USA (1996) 93:5008-5013; Luo et al., Proc. Nat'l Acad. Sci USA (1998) 95:10769-10773; Schouten et al., Nuc. Acids Res. (1998) 26:3013-3017; Zhang et al., Nuc. Acids Res. (1998) 26:3687-3693.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
Methods and compositions for introducing an exogenous nucleic acid into the genome of at least one cell of a multicellular organism are provided. In the subject methods, a Sleeping Beauty transposon that includes the exogenous nucleic acid is administered to the multicellular organism along with a source of a Sleeping Beauty transposase activity. Following administration, the exogenous nucleic acid is integrated into the genome of at least one cell of the multicellular organism. The subject methods find use in a variety of different applications, including the in vivo transfer of a gene into a target cell e.g. for use in gene therapy applications.
REFERENCES:
patent: 5719055 (1998-02-01), Cooper
patent: WO 98/40510 (1998-09-01), None
patent: WO 99/25817 (1999-05-01), None
Raz et al. Transposition of the nematodecaenorgabditis elegansTc3 element in the zebrafishdanio reriovol. 8 No. 2 pp. 82-88 Sep. 4, 1997.*
Anderson et al. “Human gene therapy”,Nature, 392(Supp.):25-30.
Dawson et al. (Jan. 1998), “Sleeping Beauty Awakes,”Nature Biotechnology, vol. 16:20-21.
Ivics et al. (Nov. 14, 1997), “Molecular Reconstruction ofSleeping Beauty, a Tc1-like Transposon from Fish, and Its Transposition in Human Cells,”Cell, vol. 91:501-510.
Luo et al. (Sep. 1998), “Chromosomal Transposition of a Tc1/Mariner-like Element in Mouse Embryonic Stem Cells,”Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA, vol. 95:10769-10773.
Raz et al. “Transposition of the nematodeCaenorhabditis elegansTc3 element in the zebrafishDanio rerio”, Current Biology, vol. 8(2):82-88.
Schouten et al. (1998), “Transposon Tc1 of the NematodeCaenorhabditis ElegansJumps in Human Cells,”Nucleic Acid Research, vol. 26(12):3013-3017.
Verma and Somia, “Gene therapy-promises, problems and prospects”,Nature, 389:239-242.
Zhang et al. (1998), “TheHimar1 MarinerTransposase Cloned in a Recombinant Adenovirus Vector is Functional in Mammalian Cells,”Nucleic Acid Research, vol. 26(16):3687-3693.
Kay Mark A.
Yant Steve
Bozicevic, Field & Francis
Crouch Deborah
Field Bret E.
The Board of Trustees of the Leland Stanford Junior University
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