Methods of collecting, thawing, and extending the useful life of

Details Methods of collecting, thawing, and extending the useful life of Methods of collecting, thawing, and extending the useful life of

1997-12-12

2000-06-27

Capossela, Ronald

Refrigeration

Using electrical or magnetic effect

62601, 62637, 62919, F25B 2100

Patent

active

060792132

ABSTRACT:
Methods of collecting, thawing, and extending the useful polarized life of frozen polarized gases include heating a portion of the flow path and/or directly liquefying the frozen gas during thawing. A polarized noble gas product with an extended polarized life product is also included. Associated apparatus such as an accumulator and heating jacket for collecting, storing, and transporting polarized noble gases include a secondary flow channel which provides heat to a portion of the collection path during accumulation and during thawing.

REFERENCES:
patent: 3748864 (1973-07-01), Lofredo et al.
patent: 4080429 (1978-03-01), Koeppe et al.
patent: 4369048 (1983-01-01), Pence
patent: 4417909 (1983-11-01), Weltmer, Jr.
patent: 4586511 (1986-05-01), Clark, Jr.
patent: 4599462 (1986-07-01), Michl
patent: 4755201 (1988-07-01), Eschwey
patent: 4977749 (1990-12-01), Sercel
patent: 5007243 (1991-04-01), Yamaguchi et al.
patent: 5039500 (1991-08-01), Shino et al.
patent: 5161382 (1992-11-01), Missimer
patent: 5545396 (1996-08-01), Albert et al.
patent: 5612103 (1997-03-01), Driehuys et al.
patent: 5617860 (1997-04-01), Chupp et al.
patent: 5642625 (1997-07-01), Cates, Jr. et al.
patent: 5809801 (1998-09-01), Cates, Jr. et al.
Mugler et al., MR Imaging and Spectroscopy Using Hyperpolarized .sup.129 Xe Gas: Preliminary Human Results, Magn. Reson. Med., vol. 37, No. 6, pp. 809-815 (May-Jun./1997).
Patyal et al., Longitudinal Relaxation and Diffusion Measurements Using Magnetic Resonance Signals from Laser-Hyperpolarized 129Xe Nuclei, J. Magn. Reson., vol. 126, No. 1, pp. 58-65 (May 1997).
Albert et al., Measurement of .sup.129 Xe T1 in Blood to Explore the Feasibility of Hyperpolarized .sup.129 Xe MRI, Jour. Comp. Ass. Tomography, vol. 19, No. 6, pp. 975-978 (1995).
Wagshul et al., In Vivo MR Imaging and Spectroscopy Using Hyperpolarized .sup.129 Xe, Magn. Reson. Med., vol. 36, No. 2, pp. 183-191 (Aug. 1996).
Wilson, E.K., Hyperpolarized Gases Set NMR World Spinning, Chem. & Eng. News, vol. 74, No. 52, pp. 21-24 (Dec. 23, 1996).
Borman, S., Xenon used to expand magnetic imaging, Chem. & Eng. News, vol. 72, No. 30, pp. 7-8 (Jul. 25, 1994).
Martin et al., The Pharmacokinetics of Hyperpolarized Xenon: Implications for Cerebral MRI, Jour. Magn. Reson. Imag., vol. 7, No. 5, pp. 848-854 (Sep./Oct. 1997).
Gatzke et al., "Extraordinarily Slow Nuclear Spin Relation In Frozen Laser-Polarized .sup.129 Xe", Physical Review Letters, vol. 70, No. 5, pp. 690-693 (1993).
Becker et al., "Study Of Mechanical Compression Of Spin-Polarized .sup.3 He Gas", Nuclear Instruments And Methods In Physics Research, vol. A 346, pp. 45-51 (1994).
Middleton et al., "MR Imaging With Hyperpolarized .sup.3 He Gas", Magnetic Resonance In Medicine, vol. 33, pp. 271-275 (1995).
Bhaskar et al., "Efficiency of Spin Exchange between Rubidium Spins and .sup.129 Xe Nuclei in a Gas", Physical Review Letters, vol. 49, p. 25 (1982).
Zeng et al., "Experimental determination of the rate constants for spin exchange between optically pumped K, Rb, and Cs atoms and .sup.129 Xe nuclei in alkali-metal--noble-gas van der Waals molecules", Physical Review A, vol. 31, p. 260 (1985).
Cates et al., "Rb-.sup.129 Xe spin-exchange rates due to binary and three-body collisions at High Xe pressures", Physical Review A, vol. 45, p. 4631 (1992).
Miller et al., "Xenon NMR: Chemical shifts of a general anesthetic common solvents, proteins, and membranes", Proc. of the Nat. Academy of Science (USA), vol. 78, No. 8 (1981).
Albert et al., ".sup.129 Xe Relaxation Catalysts by Oxygen", Abstracts of the 11th Annual Meetings of the Society for Magnetic Resonance Medicine, (1992).
Albert et al., "Relaxation of .sup.129 Xe in Model Biological Systems: On Probing the Mechanism of General Anesthesia", Abstracts of the 11th Annual Meetings of the Society for Magnetic Resonance Medicine, (1992).
Raftery, D. et al., "NMR of optically pumped xenon this films", Chem. Phys. Lett., vol. 191, pp. 385-390 (1992).
Sauer et al., "Laser Polarized Liquid Xenon", Chem. Phys. Lett., vol. 277, pp. 153-158 (1997).
Driehuys et al., "High-volume production of laser polarized .sup.129 Xe", Appl. Phys. Lett., vol. 69, No. 12 (1996).
Cummings et al., "Optical pumping of Rb vapor using high-power Ga.sub.1-x A.sub.x As diode laser arrays", Phys. Rev. A, vol. 51, No. 6, pp. 4842-4851 (1995).
Cates et al., "Laser Production of Large Nuclear-Spin Polarization in Frozen Xenon", Phys. Rev. Lett., vol. 65, No. 20, pp. 2591-2594 (1990).
Middleton, "The Spin Structure of The Neutron Determined Using A Polarized .sup.3 He Target", Ph.D. Dissertation, Princeton University (1994).

Affiliated with

Also associated with

Rating

Methods of collecting, thawing, and extending the useful life of does not yet have a rating. At this time, there are no reviews or comments for this patent.

If you have personal experience with Methods of collecting, thawing, and extending the useful life of, we encourage you to share that experience with our LandOfFree.com community. Your opinion is very important and Methods of collecting, thawing, and extending the useful life of will most certainly appreciate the feedback.

Rate now

Comments { 0 }

Profile ID: LFUS-PAI-O-1774061