Chemistry: analytical and immunological testing – Involving diffusion or migration of antigen or antibody
Patent
1996-12-11
1999-02-02
Chin, Christopher L.
Chemistry: analytical and immunological testing
Involving diffusion or migration of antigen or antibody
436 63, 436811, 435 11, 435 71, 435 792, 435 793, 435 794, 435 795, 435 23, A01N 102, C12Q 137, G01N 3348
Patent
active
058664327
DESCRIPTION:
BRIEF SUMMARY
THE FIELD OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to methods for rapid, reliable, specific and sensitive chair-side diagnosis of different forms of periodontal diseases as well as peri-implantitis and HIV(+)-associated periodontal diseases and especially for predicting the risks for progression of said diseases by using test kits with which neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL) can be measured.
THE BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The traditional method for determining the progression of periodontitis is to assess the degree of damage which has occurred to the periodontal tissues over a given period of time by probing. Unfortunately, as a measurement technique, periodontal probing has several sources of error which make it inexact.
Radiographs have long been used to assess the level and loss of alveolar bone around teeth. However, it is impossible to visually detect minor changes in bone. Hence, the amount of bone destruction/loss tends to be underestimated when radiographs are read in a routine fashion.
In the past decade there has been increased interest in developing, testing and refining diagnostic aids for the early detection of the presence and progression of periodontitis. It is evident that any diagnostic and/or prognostic test for progressing periodontal lesions should provide information that offers some advantage over the conventional indicators of disease.
Data from epidermiological studies have confirmed that periodontal diseases are multifactorial in nature (Armitage, G. C., CDA Journal 36: 35-41, 1993). This data indicates that periodontal diseases are caused by an infection with one or more of a handful of periodontopathogenic microbes. These organisms include Porphyromonas gingivalis (Pg), Prevotella intermedia (Pi), Bacteroides forsythus (Bf), Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans (Aa), Campylobacter rectus, Fusobacterium nucleatum and spirochetes.
Much work, without giving definitive and clear resolution, has been done to determine the specific groups of subgingival microorganisms which are most strongly associated with progressing lesions (Armitage, G. C., CDA Journal 36: 35-41, 1993). The target microorganisms have been assessed by enzyme tests, culture analysis, microscopic analysis and DNA-probes.
Gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) is an inflammatory exudate that flows into the oral cavity from periodontal pockets. It contains subgingival bacteria, inflammatory cells and a lot of different substances produced by bacteria as well as host cells present. It is an inflammatory exudate with several inflammatory reactions occuring in the adjacent periodontal tissues (Birkedal-Hansen, H., J. Periodontol. 64: 474-484, 1993). In clinical practice, GCF is easy to collect by placing filter paper strips at the pocket orifice. These features have made GCF an attractive source of potential markers for the progression of periodontitis. These markers include: 1) products associated with tissue remodeling and breakdown, 2) inflammatory mediators and 3) host cell-derived enzymes (Birkedal-Hansen, H., J. Periodontol. 64: 474-484. 1993).
One of the major features of periodontitis is the destruction of connective tissue and bone. Abundant amounts of tissue breakdown products from these tissues are released during the periodontal disease process. In cross-sectional studies, GCF collected from sites with periodontitis have been shown to contain elevated levels of hydroxyproline from e.g. collagen degradation (Talonpoika, I., Changes in the composition of gingival crevicular fluid after periodontal treatment, Thesis, Ann. Univ. Turku 142, 1994). However, longitudinal studies have not been done to determine if the presence of these substances is strongly associated with progressive lesions. It is not yet known if these products are associated with the actual periodontal tissue destruction or remodeling.
Many different inflammatory mediators are produced by periodontal tissues affected by gingivitis and periodontitis. Some of these mediators appear to play a central role in the destructive proce
REFERENCES:
patent: 4981787 (1991-01-01), Baram
patent: 5047328 (1991-09-01), Chambers et al.
patent: 5212059 (1993-05-01), Schwartz et al.
patent: 5627034 (1997-05-01), Gould et al.
T.Teng, et al., "Gingival Crevicular Fluid Gelatinase And Its Relationship To Periodontal Disease In Human Subjects"., Journal Periodant Res., vol. 27: pp. 544-552, (1992).
Zahradnik, R.T et al., Journal of Dental Research, vol. 67, 9 Mar. 1988, abstract 1724, "Accuracy and Reliability of Chairside Assay for Sulcular Neutral Proteases".
Kjeldsen, L. et al., Journal of Biological Chemistry, vol. 268, No. 14, 15 May 1993, pp. 10425-10432, "Isolation and Primary Structure of NGAL, a Novel Protein Associated with Human Neutrophil Gelatinase".
International Search Report for International Application No. PCT/FI95/00213.
Blaser et al., A sandwich enzyme immunoassay for the determination of neutrophil lipocalin in body fluids. Clinica Chimica Acta, 235:137-145, 1995.
Ingman et al., Salivary collagenase, elastase and trypsin-like proteases as biochemical markers of peridontal tissue destruction in adult and localied juvenile periodontitis. Oral Microbio Immunology, 8:298-305, 1993.
Ingman et al., Elastase and alpha-1 proteinase inhibitor in gingival crevicular fluid and gingival tissue in adult and juvenile periodontitis. Journal of Periodontology, 65(7):702-709, 1994.
Ingman et al., Multiple forms of gelatinases/type IV collagenases in saliva and gingival crevicular fluid of periodontitis patients. Journal of Clinical Periodontology, 21:26-31, 1994.
Kjeldsen et al., Identification of neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin as a novel matrix protein of specific granules in human neutrophils. Blood, 83(3):799-807, 1994.
Soumalainen et al., Collagenase activity in gingival crevicular fluid of patients with juvenile periodontitis. Oral Microbiology Immunology, 6:24-29, 1991.
Villela et al., Collagenolytic activity in crevicular fluid from patients with chronic adult periodontitis, localized juvenile periodonitis and gingivitis, and from healthy control subjects. Journla of Periondontology Research, 22:381-389, 1987.
Sorsa et al., Comparison of interstitial collagenases from human gingiva, sulcular fluid and polymorphonuclear leukocytes. Journal of Periodontology Research, 23:386-393, 1988.
Xu et al., The development of an assay for human neutrophil lipocaline (HNL)--to be used as a specific marker of neutrophil activity in vivo and vitro. Journal of Immunological methods, 171:245-252, 1994.
Yoshie et al., Detection of Peptidase activity from Treponema denticola, Porphyromonas gingivalis, and Bacteriodes forsythus as a means of periodontoal therapy evaluation. Periodontal Clinical Investigations, 17(1):23-28, 1995.
Periocheck information package.
Lundqvist Leila Christina
Sorsa Timo Arto
Tikanoja Sari Hannele
Chin Christopher L.
Nguyen Bao-Thuy
Oy Medix Biochemica AB
LandOfFree
Methods for diagnosis of periodontal diseases does not yet have a rating. At this time, there are no reviews or comments for this patent.
If you have personal experience with Methods for diagnosis of periodontal diseases, we encourage you to share that experience with our LandOfFree.com community. Your opinion is very important and Methods for diagnosis of periodontal diseases will most certainly appreciate the feedback.
Profile ID: LFUS-PAI-O-1116759