Methods and apparatus for use in generating and transmitting aco

Details Methods and apparatus for use in generating and transmitting aco Methods and apparatus for use in generating and transmitting aco

1978-07-03

1980-06-17

Birmiel, Howard A.

Acoustics

Geophysical or subsurface exploration

Seismic wave generation

367 41, 367189, G01V 114

Patent

active

042079624

ABSTRACT:
Methods and apparatus describedmaximize, within a predetermined frequency band, the continuous or near-continuous transmission of broadband acoustic power into a medium having a finite tensile strength such as water or earth. Such methods and apparatus also minimize, for a given broadband acoustic power level in a given frequency band, the negative dynamic pressure or stress excursion of an acoustic signal with respect to the average pressure or stress present in the absence of the signal. Such signals may be transmitted for geophysical exploration purposes. The signals place the medium alternately under compressive and tensile stresses with respect to some average stress, where the time duration of the application of the compressive stress is short compared with the time duration of the application of the tensile stress. The tensile stress does not exceed the tensile strength of the medium or its interfaces. For highest efficiency, the minimum time duration of the compressive stress is in excess of one-half period of the upper frequency limit of the desired spectral band of the signal, while the maximum time duration of a contiguous tensile and compressive stress pair is approximately one period of the desired lower frequency limit of the band. The tensile stress waveform is preferably rectangular in shape.

REFERENCES:
patent: 3326320 (1967-06-01), Forester
patent: 3840090 (1974-10-01), Silverman
patent: 4064481 (1977-12-01), Silverman
"The Pulsed Vibrator as a Seismic Source", Evison, Geophysical Prospecting, vol. 5, No. 4, Dec. 1957, p. 381-391.

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