Electrical audio signal processing systems and devices – Binaural and stereophonic – Pseudo stereophonic
Patent
1994-09-23
1996-03-19
Isen, Forester W.
Electrical audio signal processing systems and devices
Binaural and stereophonic
Pseudo stereophonic
H04S 500
Patent
active
055009000
ABSTRACT:
Free-field-to-eardrum transfer functions (FETF's) are developed by comparing auditory data for points in three-dimensional space for a model ear and auditory data collected for the same listening location with a microphone. Each FETF is represented as a weighted sum of frequency-dependent functions obtained from an expansion of the measured FETF's covariance matrix. Spatial transformation characteristic functions (STCF's) are applied to transform the weighted frequency-dependent factors to functions of spatial variables for azimuth and elevation. A generalized spline model is fit to each STCF to filter out noise and permit interpolation of the STCF between measured points. Sound is reproduced for a selected direction by synthesizing the weighted frequency-dependent factors with the smoothed and interpolated STCF's.
REFERENCES:
patent: 5023913 (1991-06-01), Matsumoto et al.
patent: 5033086 (1991-07-01), Fidi
patent: 5095507 (1992-03-01), Lowe
patent: 5105462 (1992-04-01), Lowe et al.
patent: 5187692 (1993-02-01), Haneda et al.
PCT Written Opinion dated 8 Nov. 1994, International Application No. PCT/US94/01840.
C. Posselt, et al., "Generation of Binaural Signals for Research and Home Entertainment," Proc. 12th Int. Cong. Accoustics B1-6.
Oppenheim and Schafer, Discrete Time Signal Processing (book), Prentice Hall, 1989, pp. 230-250.
Richard J. Kaufman, "Frequency Contouring for Image Enhancement," Audio, Feb. 1985, pp. 34-39.
William L. Martens, "Principal Components Analysis and Resynthesis of Spectral Cues to Perceived Direction," 1987 ICMC Proceedings (International Computer Music Conference), 1987, pp. 274-281.
Frederic L. Wightman, Doris J. Kistler, "Headphone Simulation of Free-Field Listening. I: Stimulus Synthesis," J. Acoust. Soc. Am., vol. 85, No. 2, Feb. 1989, pp. 858-867.
Frederic L. Wightman, Doris J. Kistler, "Headphone Simulation of Free-Field Listening. II: Psycholophysical Validation," J. Acoust. Soc. Am., vol. 85, No. 2, Feb. 1989, pp. 868-878.
Elizabeth M. Wenzel, Scott H. Foster, Frederick L. Wightman, Doris J. Kistler, "Realtime Digital Synthesis of Localized Auditory Cues Over Headphones" Proceedings of the ASSP (IEEE) Workshop on Applications of Signal Processing to Audio & Acoustics, New Paltz, New York, 1989.
Scott H. Foster, Elizabeth M. Wenzel, R. Michael Taylor, "Real Time Synthesis of Complex Acoustic Environments," Proceedings of the ASSP (IEEE) Workshop on Applications of Signal Processing to Audio & Acoustics, New Paltz, New York, 1991.
Frederic Wightman, Doris J. Kistler, Marianne Arruda, "Perceptual Consequences of Engineering Compromises in Synthesis of Virtual Auditory Objects," (Abstract), J. Acoust. Soc. Am., vol. 92, No. 4, Pt. 2, Oct. 1992, p. 2332.
John C. Middlebrooks, David M. Green, "Observations on a Principal Components Analysis of Head-Related Transfer Functions," J. Acoust. Soc. Am., vol. 92, No. 1, Jul. 1992, pp. 597-599.
Advertisements by Crystal River Engineering, Inc., Groveland, California, for "Acoustetron" 3-D Audio Workstation, Convolvotron 3-D Audio Reference, and Beachtron Affordable 3-D Audio.
Abstract, Auditory Space Modeling, Journal of Acoustical Society of America meeting. Jiashu Chen, et al.
Kistler, D. J. and Wightman, F. L., "A Model of Head-Related Transfer Functions Based on Principal Components Analysis and Minimum-phase Reconstruction", J. Acoustical Society Am. 91, 1637-1647.
Gu, Chong "Rkpack and Its Applications: Fitting Smoothing Spline Models", Dept. of Statistics, Univ. of WI-Madison, May, 1989.
Chen Jiashu
Hecox Kurt E.
VanVeen Barry P.
Isen Forester W.
Wisconsin Alumni Research Foundation
LandOfFree
Methods and apparatus for producing directional sound does not yet have a rating. At this time, there are no reviews or comments for this patent.
If you have personal experience with Methods and apparatus for producing directional sound, we encourage you to share that experience with our LandOfFree.com community. Your opinion is very important and Methods and apparatus for producing directional sound will most certainly appreciate the feedback.
Profile ID: LFUS-PAI-O-1963853