Optical: systems and elements – Polarization without modulation – By relatively adjustable superimposed or in series polarizers
Reexamination Certificate
2005-01-25
2005-01-25
Robinson, Mark A. (Department: 2872)
Optical: systems and elements
Polarization without modulation
By relatively adjustable superimposed or in series polarizers
C359S490020, C398S152000, C398S159000, C398S161000
Reexamination Certificate
active
06847484
ABSTRACT:
Methods and apparatus for coherent polarization mode dispersion generation are provided. A generator can include at least four birefringent stages. The birefringent stages are in optical series, and each includes a differential group delay (“DGD”) element. The intermediate stages' DGD elements are harmonic. Also, these intermediate stages each include a phase-shifting element. The generator can also include a polarization mode-mixing apparatus and a variable phase-shifting apparatus. The mode-mixing apparatus is capable of inducing polarization mode-mixing between at least one pair of adjacent stages to generate DGD and second order PMD independently at at least one optical frequency. The variable phase-shifting apparatus can include a phase-shifting controller coupled to each of said phase-shifting elements. A graphical user interface for PMD emulation, a PMD compensator for reducing PMD impairment, and calibration methods are also provided.
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Damask Jay N.
Wang Shih-Cheng
Alten Brett
Fineman Lee
Robinson Mark A.
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