Drug – bio-affecting and body treating compositions – Designated organic active ingredient containing – Heavy metal containing doai
Reexamination Certificate
2000-07-06
2003-11-11
Pak, John (Department: 1616)
Drug, bio-affecting and body treating compositions
Designated organic active ingredient containing
Heavy metal containing doai
C514S025000, C514S027000, C514S450000, C514S451000, C514S453000, C514S456000, C514S460000, C514S499000, C514S533000, C514S557000, C514S728000, C514S970000, C514S973000, C424S630000, C424S638000, C504S190000, C504S191000, C504S291000
Reexamination Certificate
active
06646000
ABSTRACT:
FIELD OF THE INVENTION
This invention is directed to the utilization of heretofore undiscovered unique properties of two known anti-microbial agents used on plants: (A) a fungicide and bactericide for the control of additional pests and maladies, and for other benefits to the host, such as (1) control of insects and other pests of plants, (2) transport multi-directionally within plants while carrying nutrients and other materials there, while functioning as a source of plant nutrition, in addition to being pesticidal, (3) inducement of improved plant health by stimulating the plant's own health system, a process sometimes called “systemic activated resistance” (SAR), (4) synergistic effect when combined with certain other pesticides (5) disinfection of inanimate surfaces proximate to plants or humans or animals, (6) control of certain pests and diseases by topical application where the hosts are animals and humans, and (B) another anti-microbial agent with a similar range of undiscovered properties.
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
U.S. Pat. No. 4,673,687 discloses a chemotherapeutic agent composed essentially of the tannate complex of picro cupric ammonium formate in aqueous solution combined with a minor amount of a surfactant sufficient to prevent formation of ammonium picrate. The therapeutic agent, identified as KT-19827 (and sold under the registered trademark PHYTON-27), is disclosed as useful in the control of plant diseases caused by pathogenic fungi and bacteria.
That patent, which is a division of the application which issued as U.S. Pat. No. 4,544,666, also discloses another chemotherapeutic agent, identified as KT-198, which is composed essentially of a tannate complex of picro ammonium formate and surfactant in a minor amount, which is disclosed as useful in control of plant diseases caused by pathogenic rickettsia-like organisms (RLO's), mycoplasma-like organisms (MLO's), and plant viruses.
It has been discovered that KT-19827 and KT-198 have the unexpected ability to pass through cell walls and kill certain arthropods; arachnids, such as mites; insects, such as aphids and whiteflies; certain mollusks, such as slugs; and certain other animals such as nematodes and similar pests which afflict the foliage, stems, roots, blossoms and seeds of plants. This property enables KT-19827 and KT-198 to be used by application to plants or to the soil around plants to control the numbers of these plant pests. It has also been discovered that KT-19827 and KT-198 can be of significant nutritive value to the plants treated.
U.S. Pat. No. 4,678,687 discloses the ability of KT-19827 and KT-198 to quickly translocate from the injection site in a tree through the entire tree from the roots to the crown leaves. It has now been discovered that unexpectedly this property is broader and includes dispersal in all directions not limited to elongated translocational cells composing the vascular system. It may be utilized to carry other substances, such as nutrients, admixed with KT-19827 or KT-198 to distribute the added substance from the application site throughout a treated plant, shrub or tree, for delivery to the points of use via the plant's own internal transport system. The ability of KT-19827 and KT-198 to penetrate plant cell walls and move among cells in multiple directions may be utilized to introduce substances such as nutrients to the plant, as by spraying or dipping, at standard rates and intervals prescribed by the US EPA label for pesticidal efficiency without doing plant damage.
Disinfection of inanimate surfaces proximate to plants or humans or animals is an unexpected use, which derives from the discovered high level of free copper ions, Cu++. High ionic copper levels equate to greater efficacy against bacterial and other pathogens. The low total copper as metallic needed for efficacy against bacterial and other pathogens assures that it can be obtained without copper damage to plants proximate to the disinfected site.
The ability of KT-19827 and KT-198 to pass through cell walls and kill certain pests enumerated above also enables KT-19827 and KT-198 to be used to control other pests found in and around structures for habitation by humans and animals; control of animal pests such as bird lice, and control of human pests such as mites and head lice, fungal infections of the feet, microbial infections of cartilage and other sternum locales exposed to hospital infections during surgery which do not respond, due to low or no blood-circulation, to standard antibiotics ingested or given intravenously.
THE PRIOR ART
U.S. Pat. No. 4,673,687 issued Jun. 16, 1987.
U.S. Pat. No. 4,544,666 issued Oct. 1, 1985.
Hammer, P.E., 1988, Post-harvest control of
Botrytis cineria
on cut roses with picro-cupric-ammonium formate. Plant Dis., 72: 347-350.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
Broadly stated this invention is directed to the method of controlling plant pests which comprises applying to the plant afflicted with the pests, or to the unwanted primitive plants, a dilute aqueous solution of the tannate complex of picro cupric ammonium formate combined with a minor amount of a surfactant sufficient to prevent formation of ammonium picrate, identified as KT-19827 or by treatment with a dilute aqueous solution of the tannate complex of picro ammonium formate combined with a minor amount of a surfactant sufficient to prevent the formation of ammonium picrate, identified as KT-198.
The invention is directed as well to the method of increasing plant crop yield by nourishing a plant by introducing to the plant a dilute aqueous solution of KT-19827 or KT-198 alone or supplemented with dissolved plant nutrients applied as foliar sprays, soil drench or vascular injection.
The invention is also directed to the method of improving plant health by applying KT-19827 or KT-198 to prevent frost damage, to induce dessication of partially frost damaged tissue, and to stimulate adjoining viable tissue.
Additionally, the invention is also directed to the method of improving plant health by stimulating the plant's own health system, benefits sometimes called systemic activated resistance, (SAR) to disease, achieved by treatment of plants with a dilute aqueous solution of KT-19827 or KT-198.
The invention is also directed to the method of improving control of plant diseases and pests through synergistic improvements achieved by combining KT-19827 or KT-198 with other commercially available pesticidal products.
Also the invention is directed to the method of disinfection of inanimate surfaces proximate to plants by treatment with unexpectedly dilute aqueous solutions of KT-19827 or KT-198.
The invention is directed to the method of controlling arachnids, insects, bacterial, fungal, slugs, nematodes, mycoplasma (including spiroplasma), rickettsia, and viral pests of animals and humans. These benefits are achieved by topical treatment of exposed surfaces with KT-19827 or KT-198.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS
The properties and method of production of KT-19827 are described in detail in U.S. Pat. No. 4,670,687 and U.S. Pat. No.4,544,666. These descriptions are incorporated herein by reference.
The invention is described in detail with particular reference to the control of plant pests, including but not limited to flies, mites, beetles, ants, nematodes, aphids, mealy bugs, thrips, slugs, and the like which afflict food and ornamental plants (both field grown and grown in greenhouses) including but not limited to food plants such as tomatoes, strawberries, pears, grapes, apples and other rosaseae, peppers, eggplants, potatoes, squash, rutabagas, bananas, pineapples, rice, beets, cucumbers, and the like, flowers such as roses, marigolds, poinsettias, geraniums, impatiens, pansies, orchids, violets, azaleas, lilies, peonies, cyclamen, iris, chrysanthemums, carnations, hibiscus, ferns, tropical foliage, and the like, trees such as oaks, maples, sycamores, willows, aspens, lindens, locusts, conifers, and the like, and shrubs and vines such as lilacs, forsythia, spirea, bar
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